The carcinogenic potential of artificial implants has been of concern in recent years. Case reports and animal studies, dating back to the 1950s, have reported possible associations between artificial implants and soft tissue sarcomas, but epidemiologic data have been lacking. In a recent study of soft tissue sarcomas and military service, data on artificial implants were collected but not presented. This paper examines a possible association between artificial implants and soft tissue sarcomas.