Spherical grip strength in children 3 to 6 years of age

Am J Occup Ther. 1995 Apr;49(4):318-26. doi: 10.5014/ajot.49.4.318.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish normative data on spherical grip strength of children 3 to 6 years of age with the Martin Vigorimeter.

Method: Two hundred twenty-five preschoolers in the Kalamazoo, Michigan, area were tested with standardized positioning and instructions. The mean of three trials for each hand was used as the grip-strength score. A repeated measure design was used and the right and left hands were alternated during testing to allow a 20-sec rest period between trials. Hand width also was measured in inches from the head of the second metacarpal to the head of the fifth metacarpal.

Results: Hand width and grip strength were significantly correlated for both the right (p < .0001) and the left hands (p < .001). Grip strength increased linearly across all of the age groups (p < .001). The results of paired t tests did not show a significant difference in grip strength between the right and left hands or between boys and girls. A table of mean grip-strength scores and hand width measurements along with their standard deviations is presented for clinical use.

Conclusion: The vigorimeter could be used to assess the grip strength of children with rheumatic disorders without putting excessive pressure on the joints or skin of the hand.

MeSH terms

  • Anthropometry
  • Child
  • Child Development*
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Hand Strength*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Observer Variation
  • Occupational Therapy* / instrumentation
  • Reference Values
  • Sex Factors