Authors synthetically remind epidemiology, eziopathogenesis and clinic of ulcerative colitis; they after describe the drugs employed in therapy of disease, stressing the mechanism of action, efficacy, collateral effects. Authors remember the choice of cortisonic therapy in the acute and severe periods of disease and the specific activity of salazopyrine and its metabolite 5-aminosalycilic acid in the ulcerative colitis and refer about the use of drugs as immunodepressors, fatty acids omega 3, zileuton, short chain fatty acids. Practical patterns of therapy in the diverse stages and clinical forms of the disease are exposed.