Simultaneous determination of opiates, cocaine and major metabolites of cocaine in human hair by gas chromotography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)

Forensic Sci Int. 1995 May 22;73(2):93-100. doi: 10.1016/0379-0738(95)01725-x.

Abstract

A procedure is presented for the simultaneous identification and quantification of morphine (MOR), codeine (COD), ethylmorphine (EM), 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), cocaine (COC), benzoylecgonine (BZE), ecgonine methylester (EME) and cocaethylene (CE), contained in the hair of opiates and cocaine addicts. The method involves decontamination in dichloromethane, pulverization in a ball mill, heat-acid hydrolysis, addition of deuterated internal standards, liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) after silylation. The limit of detection (LOD) was approximately 0.1-0.8 ng/mg for each drug, using a 30-mg hair sample. The method is reproductible, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of approximately 8-17%. Cocaine and 6-monoacetylmorphine were the major compounds detected in cases of cocaine (14 cases) and heroin (68 cases) intake. Concentrations were in the range 0.4-78.4 ng/mg (COC), 0.0-36.3 ng/mg (BZE), 0.0-1.6 ng/mg (EME), 0.0-2.1 ng/mg (CE), 0.0-84.3 ng/mg (6-MAM), 0.2-27.1 ng/mg (MOR) and 0.1-19.6 ng/mg (COD). An application in forensic sciences, involving multi-sectional analysis, is given.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Calibration
  • Cocaine / analogs & derivatives
  • Cocaine / analysis*
  • Cocaine / poisoning
  • Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / analysis
  • Drug Overdose
  • Ethylmorphine / analysis
  • Female
  • Forensic Medicine / methods*
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / methods*
  • Hair / chemistry*
  • Heroin / poisoning
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Morphine / analysis
  • Morphine Derivatives / analysis
  • Narcotics / analysis*
  • Reproducibility of Results

Substances

  • Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors
  • Morphine Derivatives
  • Narcotics
  • benzoylecgonine
  • Heroin
  • Morphine
  • cocaethylene
  • Cocaine
  • 6-O-monoacetylmorphine
  • Ethylmorphine
  • ecgonine methyl ester