Determination of chloral hydrate and its metabolites (trichloroethanol and trichloracetic acid) in human plasma and urine using electron capture gas chromatography

Biomed Chromatogr. 1994 Nov-Dec;8(6):273-7. doi: 10.1002/bmc.1130080604.

Abstract

Capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection is described for the quantification of chloral hydrate (CH) and is metabolites trichloroethanol (TCE) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) in 0.1-1 mL of plasma samples. The method, with 2,2'-dichloroethanol (DCE) as internal standard, involved extraction of chloral hydrate and trichloroethanol with diethyl ether and methylation of trichloroacetic acid with 3-methyl-1-tolyltriazene (MTT), followed by diethyl ether extraction. The method has a detection limit of 5 ng/mL for CH and TCE and 10 ng/mL for TCA and also allows the determination of TCE-glucuronide in 0.1-1 mL of plasma samples. It exhibits good linearity and precision. The method was applied to samples of plasma from a neonate after a single dose of 40 mg/kg of chloral hydrate and from an adult after a single dose of 6.25 mg/kg.

MeSH terms

  • Chloral Hydrate / analysis*
  • Chloral Hydrate / blood
  • Chloral Hydrate / urine
  • Chromatography, Gas / methods*
  • Chromatography, Gas / statistics & numerical data
  • Ether
  • Ethylene Chlorohydrin / analogs & derivatives*
  • Ethylene Chlorohydrin / analysis
  • Ethylene Chlorohydrin / blood
  • Ethylene Chlorohydrin / urine
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Methylation
  • Microchemistry
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Trichloroacetic Acid / analysis*
  • Trichloroacetic Acid / blood
  • Trichloroacetic Acid / urine

Substances

  • Ether
  • Chloral Hydrate
  • Trichloroacetic Acid
  • Ethylene Chlorohydrin