Chronic ulcerations of the hallux may result in amputation if infection becomes uncontrolled. Salvage of the hallux often requires surgical intervention when conservative measures fail. Many authors have described various procedures to prevent recurrent ulceration and the potential for loss of the great toe. The authors have reviewed their experience with the hallux interphalangeal joint arthroplasty for chronic neuropathic ulcers of the great toe. Between August 1988 and July 1991, the authors performed 46 hallux interphalangeal joint arthroplasties on 40 patients (22 males, 18 females). Of the 40 original patients, one patient was lost to follow-up in the immediate postoperative period, leaving 45 procedures on 39 patients. Thirty-six feet were noted to heal both the procedure and ulceration uneventfully (80%). There were five minor complications (11%). Four cases were deemed failures (9%). Overall, 41 feet (91%) healed and had no evidence of recurrence in the follow-up period. Follow-up was an average of 23.6 months (range 4-44 months). The hallux interphalangeal joint arthroplasty has been a valuable procedure for chronic ulcerations of the hallux. By allowing these ulcers to heal, loss of the great toe has been avoided. Function and structure of the foot has been maintained.