Genetic analysis of a number of anthroposcopic traits was attempted using a sample of pedigrees from the Kirgiz population. We used methods of binary trait segregation analysis, which allowed us to analyze pedigrees of arbitrary structure. The genetic model applied was based on the monogenic diallelic mode of inheritance with arbitrary genotype penetrances and allowed for different phenotypic expressions of a genotype in males and females. The hypothesis of monogenic diallelic inheritance could not be rejected for the following 12 traits: ability to roll the tongue, earlobe, auricular tubercle, nose shape, base of the nose, accreted eyebrows, fold of the upper eyelid, margin of the auricle, vertex hair whorl, cheekbones, cheek dimples, and height of the nose bridge. Sex dimorphism was demonstrated for the latter five traits. Problems of the relationship between sample informativeness and precision of parameter estimation are discussed.