We investigated the taxonomic status of Rhodococcus aichiensis DSM 43978T (T = type strain) and Nocardia amarae DSM 43392T by using both chemotaxonomic and genetic methods. The occurrence of MK-9(H2) as the predominant menaquinone, the presence of relatively long-chain mycolic acids (48 to 62 carbon atoms), and the phylogenetic position as determined by a 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis provide strong evidence that both R. aichiensis and N. amarae should be transferred to the genus Gordona as Gordona aichiensis and Gordona amarae, respectively.