Skeletomuscular pain is a very frequent complaint. Most patients recover spontaneously, but in some this pain may become long-lasting or even chronic. This occurs only in a minority, but even so skeletomuscular pain is the most frequent reason for long-term sickness benefit and permanent disability in the present Norwegian population. This report reviews the results of a series of controlled studies in Norway demonstrating that such pain may be treated by several different methods. Positive effects have been demonstrated from aerobic physical training, stress management training, relaxation training, and combinations of these programmes. Interventions directed at the organisation of the work situation have also had positive effects. These effects include decrease of pain and of psychological and subjective health complaints. However, a comparison of the effects of the different types of treatment would have to be based on a large multicentre study.