The use of economic evaluation to assess the costs and consequences of health care technologies has steadily increased in recent years. However, little is known about the influence economic studies have on health care decision makers or policy at local and national level. This paper reports the results of a survey of economic evaluations in EC countries to identify the impact of the results on decision and policy making in health care. Health service researchers in 10 EC countries were identified and asked to participate in the survey. The researchers were asked to locate economic evaluations in their country and complete a standardised questionnaire for each study. The criteria for inclusion in the survey were first, the studies should have been started or reported since 1987, second, the evaluations should include a comparison of the cost and consequences of the technologies assessed and finally, the appraisals should include a comparison of alternative health care technologies or programmes. A total of 66 studies which met the survey criteria were reported. Of these, 27% were thought to have influenced health care decision makers or policy. The results suggested that method of dissemination, source of funding and purpose of the study may be important determinants of whether an economic evaluation will be used in health care policy or decision making. The results of the survey suggest that economic evaluation currently has a relatively low impact on health care policy or decision making.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)