A 41-year-old male patient was treated with penicillin for cutaneous anthrax affecting the region of the right eye. He was also given dexamethasone for 3 days to combat extensive oedema which was causing respiratory difficulty because of tracheal compression. After the oedema had resolved and the typical necrotic black eschar of anthrax had evolved, he developed acute inflammation of the right temporal artery. We believe this is the first report of this type of complication of anthrax.