Blowing away shot pain: a technique for pain management during immunization

Pediatrics. 1994 Mar;93(3):384-8.

Abstract

Objective: To study the effect of an active distraction technique on pain in preschool children receiving diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus immunization.

Design: Randomized, unblinded controlled study.

Setting: Columbus Public Health Department Immunization Clinics.

Participants: One hundred forty-nine 4- to 7-year-old children.

Intervention: Children were taught to blow out air repeatedly during the injection, as if they were blowing bubbles.

Results: Children who were taught to blow out air during their shots had significantly fewer pain behaviors (P < .04) and demonstrated a trend toward lower subjectively reported pain (P = .06). There was no significant difference in the nurse or parent visual analog scale scores.

Conclusions: A simple distraction technique can be effective in helping children cope with the pain of immunization. The use of such a technique to relieve the pain and distress associated with even a brief painful procedure should be encouraged.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine / administration & dosage
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunization / adverse effects*
  • Injections / adverse effects*
  • Male
  • Pain / etiology
  • Pain / prevention & control*
  • Pain Measurement

Substances

  • Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine