Emergency medical evaluation of psychiatric patients

Ann Emerg Med. 1994 Apr;23(4):859-62. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(94)70326-4.

Abstract

Study objectives: To determine the completeness of documentation and accuracy of medical evaluation for a sample of emergency psychiatric patients.

Design: Descriptive, retrospective chart review.

Setting: Nine hundred-bed community teaching hospital with a voluntary psychiatric inpatient unit.

Type of participants: Two hundred ninety-eight emergency department patients with psychiatric chief complaints, all of whom were admitted to the voluntary psychiatric unit of the same community teaching hospital.

Interventions: None

Measurements and main results: There was failure to document mental status at triage in 56% of patients. The most frequent process deficiencies in the medical evaluation were in the neurological examination. Twelve patients (4%) required acute medical treatment within 24 hours of psychiatric admission, and the ED history and physical examination should have identified an acute condition in 83%. The chart was documented "medically clear" in 80% of patients in whom medical disease should have been identified. Patients less than 55 years old had a four times greater chance of a missed medical diagnosis.

Conclusion: Process deficiencies in the medical history and physical examination accounted for the vast majority of missed acute medical conditions. The statement "medically clear" is inaccurate and should be replaced by a thorough discharge note.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Documentation / standards
  • Emergency Service, Hospital / statistics & numerical data*
  • Emergency Services, Psychiatric
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Medical Records / standards*
  • Mental Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Mental Status Schedule
  • Middle Aged
  • Physical Examination
  • Retrospective Studies