The purpose of this randomized, prospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of tocolytic and antibiotic therapy in the prolongation of pregnancy and neonatal outcome in the treatment of premature rupture of the membranes without clinical labor. Delivery was delayed for 48 h, 7 days and beyond 35 weeks of gestation in 87, 39 and 18%, respectively, of patients in the treated group (n = 39) compared with 50, 12 and 17% of patients in the nontreated group (n = 42). The incidence of a low Apgar score (< 7 at 5 min), requiring artificial ventilation, and infectious morbidity was more common in the treated group than in the nontreated group (18 vs. 0, 41 vs. 17 and 39 vs. 17%, respectively). There was no significant cost difference in survivors between the treated and nontreated groups, although the mothers in the treated group were significantly more expensive. From these observations, it appears that tocolysis and antibiotics are not effective in PROM cases.