Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is frequently associated with weakness and muscle wasting, referred to as HIV-1 wasting myopathy. This illness, often observed in the advanced stages of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), responds poorly to therapeutic intervention. We describe the cases of three AIDS patients with HIV-1 wasting myopathy who had a favorable response to anabolic steroids as evidenced by an improvement in strength, muscle bulk, body weight, and sense of well-being.