Laparoscopy seems to increase the frequency of post-cholecystectomy biliary complications. Irrespective of the instruments and techniques utilized, dissection of Calot's triangle must be performed in compliance with the classical rules of bile duct surgery. These rules are: always keep in contact with the gallbladder; completely dissect the Calot's triangle area which must not contain more than one biliary tract element; never dissect the cystic duct beyond the right border of the hepatic choledochus; never section an element that is not identified with certainty; systematically perform a peroperative transcystic cholangiography, in particular to detect the anatomical variants of the extra-hepatic biliary ducts.