Objective: To collect information on the status of cytopathology training in the United States.
Design: Questionnaire survey mailed in June 1994.
Setting: Pathology residency training programs in the United States.
Participants: Pathology residency directors.
Main outcome measures: Training length, numbers of cytology specimens, teaching methods and topics, and graduated responsibility.
Results: Of the 196 surveys mailed, 101 (52%) programs responded. The average length of required training was 3 months. The perceived optimal training time averaged 4.5 months, however, with 80% of programs requiring less than their stated optimum. The median numbers of gynecologic, nongynecologic, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens examined per resident were 1100, 500, and 200, respectively. Cytopreparatory techniques, laboratory management, computer systems, and immunocytochemistry were included in over 75% of cytopathology training programs. Teaching at the microscope was rated as the most important teaching method by 90% of respondents. The majority of senior residents performed fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedures and screened and signed out cases with direct faculty supervision, but fewer than 20% of programs allowed senior residents to independently sign out specimens.
Conclusions: Recommendations based on this review include a minimum training time of 3 months, improved training in both fine-needle aspiration biopsy techniques and gynecologic cytology, continuous exposure to cytopathologic techniques, and increased graded responsibility for senior residents.