The socio-economic, health and nutritional status of 186 families in Diepkloof, Soweto, was studied. The results, detailed in the text, reveal considerable socio-economic ills, of which the most important is the observation that 30% of the families existed below the poverty datum line, even when there was more than one wage-earner. More emphasis on health education and the promotion by health personnel of a better understanding of the backgrounds of clinic and hospital patients are urgent priorities for health services.