Abstract
The ability of activating transcription factor-1 (ATF1) or the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) to enhance transcription can be stimulated by increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. To identify protein kinases which may mediate the ability of Ca2+ to activate these transcription factors, we compared the ability of constitutively active forms of several Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaM kinases) to activate ATF1 or CREB. We find that constitutively active CaM kinase I and IV can activate both ATF1 and CREB. In addition, expression vectors for full-length CaM kinase I and IV were able to augment the ability of Ca2+ influx to activate ATF1 or CREB consistent with a role for these kinases in mediating transcriptional responses to Ca2+ signaling. In contrast, CaM kinase II was unable to activate either ATF1 or CREB. These findings provide a potential mechanism that may permit variation in the ability of ATF1 and CREB to respond to changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations depending on differences in the relative concentrations of specific CaM kinases.
Publication types
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Comparative Study
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Activating Transcription Factor 1
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Animals
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Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / biosynthesis
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Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / isolation & purification
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Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / metabolism*
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Cell Line
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / biosynthesis
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / chemistry
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / metabolism*
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Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / metabolism
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DNA-Binding Proteins*
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Fungal Proteins / biosynthesis
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Fungal Proteins / metabolism
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Genetic Vectors
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Isoenzymes / biosynthesis
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Isoenzymes / isolation & purification
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Isoenzymes / metabolism*
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Kinetics
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Phosphopeptides / chemistry
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Phosphopeptides / isolation & purification
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Phosphorylation
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / biosynthesis
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins*
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Transcription Factors / biosynthesis
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Transcription Factors / chemistry
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Transcription Factors / metabolism*
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Transcription, Genetic
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Transfection
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Tumor Cells, Cultured
Substances
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Activating Transcription Factor 1
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Fungal Proteins
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GAL4 protein, S cerevisiae
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Isoenzymes
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Phosphopeptides
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
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Transcription Factors
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Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases
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Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases