Availability of markers such as cardiac troponin T (cTnT) has brought new insights into ischemic heart disease (IHD). cTnT is a distinct protein that differs from other markers in biological function, molecular mass, and cytosolic pool. cTnT has been utilized for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and risk stratification of patients with IHD. For AMI diagnosis, cTnT showed high sensitivity (94-100%) but generally lower specificity (46-99%), possibly because of increases in non-AMI patients with minor myocardial damage. Outcome studies have demonstrated that IHD patients with increased cTnT are at significantly greater risk for cardiac events; revascularization in patients with increased cTnT may improve outcome. Estimated costs for batched ES 300 cTnT results and for a cTnT rapid assay run "on demand" were $17.48 and $21.65, respectively. cTnT currently has no specific common procedure test code; expected reimbursement is $18.32 for the ES 300 and is not established for the rapid assay.