Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a fairly common syndrome within child psychiatry. Stimulant medication is an important part of the treatment of the disorder. According to the literature, 30-50% of children with ADHD will still suffer from symptoms when they reach adulthood. The syndrome is a risk factor for various psychiatric disorders, drug and alcohol abuse, and criminality. There is some evidence that even adult patients may benefit from stimulant medication. ADHD was diagnosed and stimulant medication was started in five adult men who had been imprisoned for serious crimes of violence. The response to treatment was good in all of them. After 4-6 years two had been successfully rehabilitated.