To determine whether the association of the very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDL-R) gene with Alzheimer's disease (AD), which has recently been identified in Japanese AD patients, is commonly observed in AD patients of other ethnic backgrounds, we have investigated the allele frequency of the polymorphic CGG repeat in the 5'-UTR of the VLDL-R gene using a data set of 84 Caucasian AD patients with 104 Caucasian controls. Although the allele frequency of the 8-repeat allele was slightly lower, and that of 9-repeat allele was slightly higher, in the Caucasian AD patients than in Caucasian controls, the differences were not statistically significant. Multiple logistic regression analysis using apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele, 5, 8-, or 9-repeat allele of the VLDL-R gene, sex, and age at onset as the predictors revealed that only the APOE4 allele was significantly associated with AD in the data set of the Caucasian AD patients and controls.