This study is a comparison across treatment settings of two previously published trials, namely the Danish University Antidepressant Group (DUAG) study on citalopram vs. clomipramine in hospitalized patients with major depression, and the Nordic citalopram vs. imipramine study of depressed patients treated by their family doctors. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) had the same level of inter-rater reliability and construct validity in the two settings. Using a HAM-D score of 7 or less as the criterion for full two remission, clomipramine was superior to imipramine and citalopram. Using a reduction of the baseline HAM-D score by 50% or more as a response criterion, there were no differences between the three antidepressants after 5 or 6 weeks of treatment. Citalopram showed superior tolerability to the tricyclic antidepressants.