Splenomegaly is a common occurrence in the course of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), sometimes leading to development of bulk symptoms or cytopenias. Splenomegaly may also be the primary manifestation of NHL. We reviewed our experience with diagnostic and therapeutic splenectomy for NHL over the past 3 years. In July of 1991, a prospective database had been established to evaluate elective splenectomy for hematologic disease; of 58 patients, 12 had NHL. Splenectomy was performed for diagnostic purposes, correction of cytopenias, and relief of bulk symptoms. Most patients had more than one indication for splenectomy. Operative hemorrhage requiring transfusion was seen only in patients with massive splenomegaly (> 1,500 g). Median postoperative hospital stay was 4 days. There was no operative mortality or major morbidity. Minor morbidity was seen in 17% of patients. A favorable hematologic response was seen in 80% of cytopenias at the 3-month postoperative interval. Splenectomy is safe and effective in appropriately selected patients with NHL.