The review of the literature shows that amphetamines (methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine) have been rarely used in the past, but have been recently introduced in the palliative treatment in oncology. They have stimulating, antidepressive and perhaps coanalgesic effects. They can alleviate sleepiness related to opiates analgesics which are given in chronic pain. Amphetamines may also be a therapeutic option, alone or in association with antidepressant drugs, in the pharmacological management of mood disorders unresponsive to tricyclics or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. These treatments are well-tolerated and are rapidly active. This treatment may improve the quality of life and comfort in cancer patients.