The involvement of the nervous system is common during Lyme's disease, and the term neuroborreliosis has been established. All structures of the nervous system, from meninges to periferial nerves, can be involved. Neurological manifestations are most common in the second stage (dissemination). The article deals with the most important neurological manifestations, as well as with the contemporary pathogenetic considerations and therapy. Eleven patients with neuroborreliosis who were treated at Dr. Kosta Todorovitsh Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, are reviewed. Five of them had acute meningoencephalitis, of whom two had concurrent neuritis; one patient had Banawart's syndrome with arthralgias, arthritis and fatigue syndrome; two patients had neuritis; one had bilateral facial palsy; two had chronic fatigue syndrome.