Recent studies have led to a new concept for the management of deep vein thrombosis. The German Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis decided to work up the clinical studies in this field published until June 1996 for a consensus statement. The consensus group concluded that (1) high-dose, APTT-controlled subcutaneous administration of unfractionated heparin is as effective as high-dose, APTT-controlled continuous intravenous infusion of unfractionated heparin (grade B recommendation); (2) the anticoagulation with heparin may start at day 1 or 2, overlapping with oral anticoagulants for 7 to 10 days (grade C recommendation); (3) high-dose subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparins are almost as effective and safe as continuous intravenous infusion of unfractionated heparins (grade B recommendation); (4) no agreement was obtained for the other concomitant treatments of DVT, such as duration of bed rest, use of antiphlogistic drugs, whether LMW heparins are comparable, and whether outpatient treatment can be recommended using LMW heparins.