Whether acute, chronic or recurrent, facial pain remains an therapeutic challenge. Neurological tests, otorhinolaryngologic, dental or psychiatric examinations do not always provide a precise diagnosis. We propose a review of painful diseases most often found in the head and neck region. A differential diagnosis between psychiatric and functional diseases is proposed although the subjective component is always present. Neuralgias, migraine, cluster headache, tension-type headache, atypical facial pain and cancer pain are reviewed.