We have investigated the superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS) in the parotid and cheek areas by anatomical dissections, by radiographs, and by histological sections. The SMAS may be helpful in corrective surgery for facial palsy and during face lifting operations if a retrofascial approach is used. This procedure, safe in the parotid area, can become dangerous in the area anterior to the parotid gland.