Objectives: Our purpose was to determine the effect of induction of labor on neonatal infection if mothers are group B streptococci positive and have prelabor rupture of membranes at term.
Study design: In the TermPROM study 5041 women were randomized to induction with intravenous oxytocin, induction with vaginal prostaglandin E2 gel, or expectant management with induction, if needed. Of these, 4834 women had vaginal or introital swabs for group B streptococci taken at entry. We used logistic regression to test for effects of treatment within group B streptococci subgroups.
Results: Group B streptococci were predictive of neonatal infection for the induction with vaginal prostaglandin E2 gel and expectant groups but not for the induction with oxytocin group. For women positive for group B streptococci the rates of neonatal infection were 2.5% for the induction with oxytocin group and > 8% for all other groups.
Conclusions: Induction of labor with intravenous oxytocin may be preferable for group B streptococci-positive women with prelabor rupture of membranes at term.