The purpose of this study was to analyze retrospectively all injuries occurring in a population of elite rowers over a 10-yr period to determine their pattern of injury. The medical records of all rowers at the Australian Institute of Sport from 1985 to 1994 inclusive were reviewed and all injuries included. Injuries were categorized according to time, location, cause, and whether acute or chronic. The study found a significant incidence of chest injuries, rib stress fractures, and low back injuries, and a high number of injuries occurring outside specific training. Elite rowers have little risk of major injury, but mild and moderate injuries are common.