A bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against both the membrane-bound complement regulator CD55 and the renal tumor-associated antigen G250 enhances C3 deposition and tumor cell lysis by complement

J Immunol. 1998 Apr 1;160(7):3437-43.

Abstract

Tumor cells may inhibit the induction of a complement-mediated inflammatory response through overexpression of membrane-bound regulators of complement activation. Therefore, it is of interest to determine the most efficient approach to block these membrane-bound complement regulators on tumor cells. In the present study, we first generated a bispecific mAb directed against both CD55, using the functional blocking mAb MBC1, and the highly expressed HLA class I molecule as a model for a tumor-associated Ag, using the mAb W6/32. Tumor cells opsonized with bispecific mAb W6/32*MBC1, then exposed to complement and subsequently stained for C3 deposition, were assessed by flow cytometric analysis. We found that opsonization with W6/32*MBC1 resulted in a 92% enhancement of C3 deposition on renal tumor cells as compared with opsonization with W6/32 alone and a 17% enhancement of the C3 deposition as compared with incubation with a mixture of both parental mAb. Based on these results, we developed a bispecific mAb recognizing both CD55 and the relatively low expressed renal tumor-associated Ag G250. Increasing concentrations of the bispecific mAb G250*MBC1 resulted in a 25 to 400% increase in C3 deposition on renal tumor cells as compared with C3 deposition in the presence of the parental mAb G250 alone. G250*MBC1 enhanced C3 deposition by 21% in comparison with a mixture of both parentals. Furthermore, opsonization of tumor cells with G250*MBC1 rendered these cells more sensitive to complement-mediated lysis. In conclusion, the bispecific mAb G250*MBC1 induces deposition of C3 and tumor cell lysis more efficiently than G250 alone.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Bispecific / pharmacology*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / pharmacology*
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / immunology*
  • CD55 Antigens / immunology*
  • Cell Membrane / immunology
  • Clone Cells
  • Complement Activation / immunology
  • Complement C3 / immunology
  • Complement C3 / metabolism*
  • Complement Inactivator Proteins / immunology*
  • Complement System Proteins / physiology*
  • Cytotoxicity, Immunologic*
  • Humans
  • Kidney Neoplasms / immunology
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured

Substances

  • Antibodies, Bispecific
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • CD55 Antigens
  • Complement C3
  • Complement Inactivator Proteins
  • G250 monoclonal antibody
  • Complement System Proteins