The author presents an analysis of health hazard conditions with respect to tuberculosis in the world and in Ukraine in particular. It is shown that epidemiologic situation with tuberculosis is getting worse in Ukraine, with the reasons for this negative dynamics being pointed out. Regimes of antimycobacterial therapy of different clinical forms of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis are elucidated as to recommendations of the World Health Organization. Criteria by which clinical efficiency can be measured were established as were treatment options for tuberculosis.