Cataracts are the most common treatable form of reduced vision in older adults. Although the incidence of cataracts is high after age 65, careful history taking and clinical examination are essential to establish the diagnosis. Cataract surgery is medically indicated when the view to the retina is obscured or lens-induced disorders place the eye at risk for further damage. However, even when patients have no specific associated medical problem, other than decreased visual acuity, cataract extraction offers an important means for maintaining independence and improving quality of life.