Operative risk and prognostic factors of typical bronchial carcinoid tumors

Ann Thorac Surg. 1998 May;65(5):1410-4. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(98)00083-6.

Abstract

Background: This study estimated operative risk and examined factors determining long-term survival after resection of typical carcinoid tumors.

Methods: From 1976 to 1996, 139 consecutive patients (66 male and 73 female patients with a mean age of 47 +/- 15 years) underwent thoracotomy for typical carcinoid tumor. The tumors were centrally located in 102 patients (73.4%).

Results: Radical resection was performed in 106 patients (7 pneumonectomies, 13 bilobectomies, and 86 lobectomies) and conservative resection in 33 (3 segmentectomies, 3 wedge resections, 20 sleeve lobectomies, and 7 sleeve bronchectomies). There were no postoperative deaths. Complications occurred in 19 patients (13.7%). The morbidity rate was not increased after bronchoplastic procedures (chi 2 = 0.033, not significant). Staging was pT1 in 107 patients (77.0%) and pT2 in 32 (23.0%); 13 patients (9.4%) had nodal metastases. Seventeen patients have died (12.2%), during follow-up, but only three deaths were related to the disease. The overall survival rate at 5, 10, and 15 years was estimated to be 92.4%, 88.3%, and 76.4%, respectively; estimated disease-free survival was 100% at 5 years and 91.4% at 10 and 15 years. Estimated survival of patients with lymph node metastasis was 100% at 5, 10, and 15 years. Univariate analysis failed to demonstrate any prognostic significance for sex, tumor size (T1 versus T2), tumor location (central versus peripheral), and type of resection.

Conclusions: These data confirm an excellent prognosis after complete resection of typical carcinoid tumors, including those with lymph node metastases. Parenchyma-saving resections should be preferred.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Bronchial Neoplasms / pathology
  • Bronchial Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Carcinoid Tumor / pathology
  • Carcinoid Tumor / surgery*
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Pneumonectomy / adverse effects
  • Pneumonectomy / methods
  • Prognosis
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Factors
  • Survival Rate
  • Thoracotomy / adverse effects