Antioxidant vitamin supplementation and lipid peroxidation in smokers

Am J Clin Nutr. 1998 Aug;68(2):319-27. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/68.2.319.

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that cigarette smoke enhances lipid peroxidation. This study examined the effect of daily consumption of a tomato-based juice supplemented with vitamin C (600 mg), vitamin E (400 IU, or 400 mg), and beta-carotene (30 mg) on various indexes of lipid peroxidation (breath pentane excretion and susceptibility of LDL to copper-mediated oxidation) in smokers. In addition, plasma lycopene and vitamin concentrations and total peroxyl radical trapping potential, a measure of antioxidant defenses, were assessed. Relative to the placebo juice, the vitamin-supplemented juice resulted in a significant decrease in breath-pentane excretion as well as a significant improvement in the resistance of LDL to oxidation. The lag phase of conjugated diene formation lengthened and the propagation rate decreased, indicating a decreased susceptibility of LDL to oxidative modification. Increased concentrations of plasma vitamin C, beta-carotene, and lycopene were found to be significantly correlated with the conjugated diene lag phase and rate of formation. Vitamin E was highly correlated with beta-carotene. Plasma total peroxyl radical trapping potential values did not change in response to supplementation. This study thus indicates that an antioxidant-supplemented drink can reduce lipid peroxidation and susceptibility of LDL to oxidation in smokers and may ameliorate the oxidative stress of cigarette smoke.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Controlled Clinical Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antioxidants / administration & dosage*
  • Ascorbic Acid / administration & dosage*
  • Ascorbic Acid / blood
  • Dietary Supplements*
  • Humans
  • Lipid Peroxidation / drug effects*
  • Lipoproteins, LDL / metabolism
  • Pentanes / metabolism
  • Regression Analysis
  • Smoking / metabolism*
  • Vitamin E / administration & dosage*
  • Vitamin E / blood
  • beta Carotene / administration & dosage*

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Lipoproteins, LDL
  • Pentanes
  • beta Carotene
  • Vitamin E
  • pentane
  • Ascorbic Acid