From lily pollen tubes, an actin-binding protein composed of 115-kDa polypeptide was purified sequentially by co-precipitation method with F-actin, hydroxylapatite column, gel filtration column and DE-52 ion exchange column chromatography. This component displayed a tendency to aggregate in solutions of low ionic strength, indicating a hydrophilic characteristic. Under physiological ionic conditions, this component bound to F-actin in an actin-concentration-dependent was saturable manner. Binding of this component to F-actin was independent of ATP and Ca(2+)-concentrations. Fluorescent microscopy revealed that F-actin labeled with rhodamine-phalloidin showed bundling in the presence of this component. Judging from the lack of antibody cross-reactivity, this component does not seem to be related to alpha-actinin of skeletal muscle and plant 135-kDa actin-bundling protein. Therefore, this component is the F-actin binding protein, which has not been identified thus far in plant cells.