What's the relative risk? A method of correcting the odds ratio in cohort studies of common outcomes

JAMA. 1998 Nov 18;280(19):1690-1. doi: 10.1001/jama.280.19.1690.

Abstract

Logistic regression is used frequently in cohort studies and clinical trials. When the incidence of an outcome of interest is common in the study population (>10%), the adjusted odds ratio derived from the logistic regression can no longer approximate the risk ratio. The more frequent the outcome, the more the odds ratio overestimates the risk ratio when it is more than 1 or underestimates it when it is less than 1. We propose a simple method to approximate a risk ratio from the adjusted odds ratio and derive an estimate of an association or treatment effect that better represents the true relative risk.

MeSH terms

  • Cohort Studies
  • Data Interpretation, Statistical*
  • Health Services Research / methods
  • Hospital Mortality
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Odds Ratio*
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care / methods*
  • Risk*