Influences of sex and smoking habits on anticoagulant activity in low-molecular-weight heparin treatment of unstable coronary artery disease

Am Heart J. 1999 Jan;137(1):72-8. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8703(99)70461-8.

Abstract

Background: In the FRISC trial, dalteparin 120 IU/kg body weight twice daily for unstable coronary artery disease was safe and reduced the risk of new coronary events. This risk reduction was maintained during the following extended treatment with a fixed dose of 7500 IU dalteparin once daily.

Methods and results: Minor bleeding was more frequent in women compared with men: relative risk (CI) 2.88 (1.78 to 4.67) during the weight-adjusted and 2.36 (1.37 to 2.63) during the fixed dose treatment. The anti-Xa activity determined in samples (n = 175) obtained during the acute phase treatment was higher in women compared with men (P <.001) and in nonsmokers compared with smokers (<.001) in multiple regression analysis. Also, during the fixed-dose treatment (n = 131) an independent relation between anti-Xa activity and sex (P <.001), but not smoking habits, persisted.

Conclusion: To improve future low-molecular-weight heparin dose regimens for the treatment of acute coronary syndromes, it might be important to consider the influence of sex and smoking habits.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Angina, Unstable / blood
  • Angina, Unstable / drug therapy*
  • Anticoagulants / administration & dosage
  • Anticoagulants / pharmacology*
  • Blood Coagulation / drug effects*
  • Coronary Disease / drug therapy
  • Dalteparin / administration & dosage
  • Dalteparin / pharmacology*
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Linear Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / blood
  • Myocardial Infarction / drug therapy*
  • Sex Factors
  • Smoking*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anticoagulants
  • Dalteparin