Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation

Search Page

Filters

My Custom Filters

Results by year

Table representation of search results timeline featuring number of search results per year.

Year Number of Results
1969 1
1972 7
1973 9
1974 9
1975 19
1976 12
1977 20
1978 28
1979 32
1980 27
1981 34
1982 39
1983 48
1984 75
1985 82
1986 80
1987 83
1988 85
1989 98
1990 81
1991 72
1992 72
1993 82
1994 77
1995 67
1996 78
1997 75
1998 75
1999 68
2000 76
2001 76
2002 70
2003 86
2004 107
2005 89
2006 80
2007 93
2008 89
2009 82
2010 103
2011 98
2012 110
2013 113
2014 114
2015 120
2016 108
2017 115
2018 109
2019 101
2020 112
2021 116
2022 112
2023 168
2024 231
2025 257

Publication date

Text availability

Article attribute

Article type

Additional filters

Article Language

Species

Sex

Age

Other

Search Results

4,169 results

Results by year

Filters applied: . Clear all
Page 1
Xylazine.
Knight AP. Knight AP. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1980 Mar 1;176(5):454-5. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1980. PMID: 7358565 Free article. No abstract available.
Xylazine-Associated Skin Injury.
O'Neil J, Kovach S. O'Neil J, et al. N Engl J Med. 2023 Jun 15;388(24):2274. doi: 10.1056/NEJMicm2303601. N Engl J Med. 2023. PMID: 37314708 No abstract available.
Closing the xylazine knowledge gap.
Hoffman RS. Hoffman RS. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2023 Dec;61(12):1013-1016. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2023.2294619. Epub 2024 Jan 25. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2023. PMID: 38270058 No abstract available.
Pharmacology and toxicology of xylazine: quid novum?
Malaca S, Pesaresi M, Kapoor A, Berretta P, Busardò FP, Pirani F. Malaca S, et al. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023 Aug;27(15):7337-7345. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202308_33305. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023. PMID: 37606142 Free article. Review.
However, reports of adulteration of illicit opioids (heroin and illicit fentanyl) with xylazine have been increasing all over Western countries. In humans, xylazine causes respiratory depression, bradycardia, and hypotension-posing individuals, using xylazine
However, reports of adulteration of illicit opioids (heroin and illicit fentanyl) with xylazine have been increasing all over Western …
Xylazine Pharmacokinetics in Patients Testing Positive for Fentanyl and Xylazine.
Lin Y, Farnsworth CW, Azimi V, Liss DB, Mullins ME, Crews BO. Lin Y, et al. Clin Chem. 2025 Feb 3;71(2):266-273. doi: 10.1093/clinchem/hvae163. Clin Chem. 2025. PMID: 39565360
RESULTS: The median terminal half-life for xylazine was calculated to be 12.0 h (range: 5.9-20.8). Oxo-xylazine and sulfone-xylazine metabolites were detected in all plasma specimens that contained xylazine. ...Both oxo-xylazine and sulfone-x
RESULTS: The median terminal half-life for xylazine was calculated to be 12.0 h (range: 5.9-20.8). Oxo-xylazine and sulfone- …
Zeroing in on Xylazine.
Kaur J, Nosol M, Modesto-Lowe V. Kaur J, et al. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2024 Aug 15;26(4):24lr03739. doi: 10.4088/PCC.24lr03739. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2024. PMID: 39178017 Free article. No abstract available.
Xylazine Masking Benzodiazepine Withdrawal.
Robbins-Welty G, Hart J, Dussault N, Ivey N. Robbins-Welty G, et al. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2024 Feb 8;26(1):23cr03619. doi: 10.4088/PCC.23cr03619. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2024. PMID: 38334397 Free article. No abstract available.
Wound Characteristics Among Patients Exposed to Xylazine.
Lutz L, McFadden R, Xu L, Bhatia R, Davis MH, Rohacs N, Wei J, Perrone J, Lowenstein M, Thakrar AP. Lutz L, et al. JAMA Dermatol. 2025 Jan 1;161(1):75-80. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2024.4253. JAMA Dermatol. 2025. PMID: 39535749
IMPORTANCE: The alpha-2 agonist xylazine is increasingly detected as an adulterant in illicitly manufactured fentanyl. There is concern that xylazine may be responsible for an emerging pattern of necrotizing wounds among people who use drugs, but the clinical featur …
IMPORTANCE: The alpha-2 agonist xylazine is increasingly detected as an adulterant in illicitly manufactured fentanyl. There is conce …
Xylazine exacerbates fentanyl-induced respiratory depression and bradycardia.
Demery C, Moore SC, Levitt ES, Anand JP, Traynor JR. Demery C, et al. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2025 Jul;392(7):103616. doi: 10.1016/j.jpet.2025.103616. Epub 2025 May 27. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2025. PMID: 40543302
In contrast, fentanyl primarily reduces breathing by inhibiting inspiration, and xylazine exacerbates these effects. Fentanyl but not xylazine decreased blood oxygen saturation, and when combined, xylazine did not change the maximum level of fentanyl-induced …
In contrast, fentanyl primarily reduces breathing by inhibiting inspiration, and xylazine exacerbates these effects. Fentanyl but not …
Illicit Drugs May Contain Veterinary Tranquilizer.
Aschenbrenner DS. Aschenbrenner DS. Am J Nurs. 2023 Mar 1;123(3):20-21. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000921792.11581.83. Am J Nurs. 2023. PMID: 36815816
There has been a rise in illicit drugs such as fentanyl being mixed with xylazine, a veterinary tranquilizer. Xylazine is not an opioid; although opioids and xylazine induce similar respiratory symptoms, naloxone will not reverse a xylazine overdose. S …
There has been a rise in illicit drugs such as fentanyl being mixed with xylazine, a veterinary tranquilizer. Xylazine is not …
4,169 results