Abstract
This study investigated the effects of garlic on anxiety- and depression-related behaviors and brain oxidative markers in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. Fifty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven experimental groups (n = 8/group): control, diabetic + saline, diabetic + garlic, diabetic + imipramine, and diabetic + diazepam groups. Animals received garlic homogenate (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 g/kg) for 10 days. At the end of the treatments, anxiety- and depressive-related behaviors were evaluated by elevated plus maze (EPM) and forced swimming test (FST), respectively. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the brain. Diabetic + garlic (0.5 g/kg) group showed lower anxiety- and- depressive-like behaviors as compared to the diabetic rats. Furthermore, garlic treatment (0.5 g/kg) attenuated MDA levels and enhanced SOD and GPx activities in the brain. Our findings indicate that garlic alleviates anxiety- and depression-related behaviors in the diabetic rats possibly by attenuation of brain oxidative stress.
Keywords:
Diabetes; anxiety; depression; garlic; oxidative stress.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antidepressive Agents / pharmacology*
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Antioxidants / pharmacology*
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Anxiety / complications
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Anxiety / metabolism
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Anxiety / physiopathology
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Anxiety / prevention & control*
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Brain / drug effects
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Brain / metabolism
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Depressive Disorder / complications
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Depressive Disorder / metabolism
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Depressive Disorder / physiopathology
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Depressive Disorder / prevention & control*
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Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / chemically induced
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Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / complications
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Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / metabolism
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Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / physiopathology
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Diazepam / pharmacology
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Garlic / chemistry*
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Glutathione Peroxidase / metabolism
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Imipramine / pharmacology
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Male
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Malondialdehyde / antagonists & inhibitors
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Malondialdehyde / metabolism
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Maze Learning / drug effects
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Oxidative Stress / drug effects
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Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
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Rats
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Rats, Wistar
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Streptozocin
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Stress, Psychological / complications
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Stress, Psychological / metabolism
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Stress, Psychological / physiopathology
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Stress, Psychological / prevention & control*
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Superoxide Dismutase / metabolism
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Swimming
Substances
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Antidepressive Agents
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Antioxidants
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Plant Extracts
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Malondialdehyde
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Streptozocin
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Glutathione Peroxidase
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Superoxide Dismutase
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Imipramine
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Diazepam