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Does Stress Explain the Effects of Sexual/Gender Minority Status on Children's Behavioral and Emotional Risk?

Assari S, Donovan A, Pallera JA, Assari G, Najand B, Alaei K, Alaei A. Assari S, et al. Open J Psychol. 2025;5(1):38-51. doi: 10.31586/ojp.2025.6188. Epub 2025 Sep 18. Open J Psychol. 2025. PMID: 41048615 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Participants were children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. SGM identity was reported at baseline, while outcomes included past MDD and suicide attempts as well as future nicotine and marijuana use. ...

METHODS: Participants were children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. SGM identity was reported at baseli …

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Pubertal mediators of early life stress and age on adolescent alcohol initiation: Analysis by sex.

Donovan A, Assari S, Grella C, Shaheen M, Richter L, Friedman TC. Donovan A, et al. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2025 Oct;180:107559. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2025.107559. Epub 2025 Jul 20. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2025. PMID: 40714296 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Adolescents from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (ABCD; N = 4828 US children aged 9-10 at baseline) were assessed for ELS, age (in months), pubertal mediators (pubertal development score or PDS, testosterone) from baseline through year 2, and alco …

METHODS: Adolescents from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (ABCD; N = 4828 US children aged 9-10 at baseline) were as …

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Hippocampus Functional Connectivity, Impulsivity, and Subsequent Substance Use.

Assari S, Donovan A, Najand B, Akhlaghipour G, Mendez MF. Assari S, et al. J Cell Neurosci. 2025;2(1):1250. doi: 10.31586/jcn.2025.1250. Epub 2025 Mar 9. J Cell Neurosci. 2025. PMID: 40297839 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data were drawn from the baseline wave of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Resting-state fMRI data were used to evaluate the functional connectivity of the hippocampus with key brain networks, including the cingulo-parietal network, visual …

METHODS: Data were drawn from the baseline wave of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Resting-state fMRI data w …

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Resting-State Sensory-Motor Connectivity between Hand and Mouth as a Neural Marker of Socioeconomic Disadvantage, Psychosocial Stress, Cognitive Difficulties, Impulsivity, Depression, and Substance Use in Children.

Assari S, Donovan A, Najand B, Akhlaghipour G, Mendez MF. Assari S, et al. J Cell Neurosci. 2025;2(1):31-46. doi: 10.31586/jcn.2025.1280. Epub 2025 Mar 25. J Cell Neurosci. 2025. PMID: 40230597 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, a national sample of U.S. children. Resting-state fMRI data were used to assess functional connectivity within the sensory-motor network. ...

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, a national sample of U.S. children. Resting-st …

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Nucleus Accumbens Resting State Functional Connectivity is Linked to Family Income, Reward Salience, and Substance Use.

Assari S, Donovan A. Assari S, et al. J Cell Neurosci. 2025;2(1):12-22. doi: 10.31586/jcn.2025.1244. Epub 2025 Feb 25. J Cell Neurosci. 2025. PMID: 40084187 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data were obtained from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. NAcc rsFC with the cingulo-opercular network, sensorimotor mouth network, and sensorimotor hand network was assessed at baseline. ...

METHODS: Data were obtained from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. NAcc rsFC with the cingulo-opercular networ …

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Resting-State Functional Connectivity Between the Cingulo-Opercular and Default Mode Networks May Explain Socioeconomic Inequalities in Cognitive Development.

Assari S, Donovan A, Akhlaghipour G, Mendez MF. Assari S, et al. J Cell Neurosci. 2025;2(1):1-11. doi: 10.31586/jcn.2025.1241. Epub 2025 Feb 25. J Cell Neurosci. 2025. PMID: 40060241 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data were derived from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a large longitudinal dataset of over 11,000 children aged 9-10 years. Cognitive outcomes were assessed using standardized NIH toolbox measures: Total Composite, Fluid Reasoning, Pictur …

METHODS: Data were derived from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a large longitudinal dataset of over 11,000 …

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Cingulate Gyrus Volume as a Mediator of the Social Gradient in Cognitive Function.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. J Cell Neurosci. 2025;1(1):1139. doi: 10.31586/jcn.2025.1139. Epub 2025 Jan 24. J Cell Neurosci. 2025. PMID: 40051783 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Cognitive function was assessed using a composite measure of executive function and general cognitive ability. ...

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Cognitive function was assessed using a compos …

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Extreme Heat Exposure is Associated with Lower Learning, General Cognitive Ability, and Memory among US Children.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. Open J Neurosci. 2025;3(1):10-22. doi: 10.31586/ojn.2025.1277. Epub 2025 Jan 10. Open J Neurosci. 2025. PMID: 40027445 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Key variables included race/ethnicity, age, gender, family socioeconomic status (SES), heatwave exposure, and multiple cognitive domains: total composite score, fluid composite score, cr …

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Key variables included race/ethnicity, age, ge …

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Childhood Depression, Hopelessness, and Suicidal Attempt Predict Earlier Tobacco and Marijuana Use Initiation During Adolescence.

Assari S, Najand B, Sheikhattari P. Assari S, et al. Open J Med Sci. 2025;5(1):18-31. doi: 10.31586/ojms.2025.1181. Epub 2025 Feb 11. Open J Med Sci. 2025. PMID: 40027157 Free PMC article.

AIMS: This study investigates the prospective associations between three emotional problems-hopelessness, depression, and suicide attempts-before ages 9-10 and the subsequent initiation of tobacco and marijuana use before ages 14-15, using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive …

AIMS: This study investigates the prospective associations between three emotional problems-hopelessness, depression, and suicide attempts-b …

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Psychosocial Correlates of Childhood Body Mass Index: Racial and Ethnic Differences.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. Glob J Cardiovasc Dis. 2025;4(1):34-49. doi: 10.31586/gjcd.2025.1180. Epub 2025 Feb 13. Glob J Cardiovasc Dis. 2025. PMID: 40026829 Free PMC article.

OBJECTIVE: To examine racial/ethnic differences in the associations of family socioeconomic status (SES), neighborhood SES, and inhibitory control with body mass index (BMI) in 9-10-year-old children using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. …

OBJECTIVE: To examine racial/ethnic differences in the associations of family socioeconomic status (SES), neighborhood SES, and inhibitory c …

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Population Diversity Matters: Heterogeneity of Biopsychosocial Pathways from Socioeconomic Status to Tobacco Use via Cerebral Cortical Volume in the ABCD Study.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. J Cell Neurosci. 2025;1(1):12-23. doi: 10.31586/jcn.2025.1132. Epub 2025 Jan 23. J Cell Neurosci. 2025. PMID: 40007555 Free PMC article.

The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study provides a unique opportunity to examine racial disparities in the pathways from SES to brain development and behavior, especially through the lens of Marginalization-Related Diminished Returns (MDRs), where the effec …

The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study provides a unique opportunity to examine racial disparities in the pathways f …

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Brain-Wide Resting-State Functional Connectivity Partially Mediates Socioeconomic Disparities in Children's Cardiometabolic Health.

Assari S, Zare H, Akhlaghipour G, Mendez MF. Assari S, et al. J Cell Neurosci. 2025;1(1):1-11. doi: 10.31586/jcn.2025.1143. Epub 2025 Jan 23. J Cell Neurosci. 2025. PMID: 39958650 Free PMC article.

AIM: This study aims to identify brain-wide resting-state functional connectivity signatures that may mediate the effects of SES on body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure in children, using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. METHODS: Data …

AIM: This study aims to identify brain-wide resting-state functional connectivity signatures that may mediate the effects of SES on body mas …

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Pallidum Functional Hypoconnectivity and Inhibitory Control as Partial Mediators of Environmental Influences on Tobacco and Marijuana Initiation.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. J Cell Neurosci. 2025;1(1):33-45. doi: 10.31586/jcn.2025.1140. Epub 2025 Jan 24. J Cell Neurosci. 2025. PMID: 39958649 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study to assess associations between baseline SES, baseline PM2.5 exposure (based on zip code), baseline P-VAN rsFC, baseline inhibitory control, and subsequent tobacco and marijuana use initia …

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study to assess associations between baseline SES, ba …

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Trauma and Early Puberty May Be Stronger Predictors of Early Tobacco Initiation in Girls Compared to Boys.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. J Biomed Life Sci. 2025;5(1):1-13. doi: 10.31586/jbls.2025.1135. Epub 2025 Jan 23. J Biomed Life Sci. 2025. PMID: 39950193 Free PMC article.

Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, we explore how SES and race contribute to trauma exposure, which in turn may influence early puberty and tobacco use. The study also examines potential mediating effects of trauma and early puberty on …

Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, we explore how SES and race contribute to trauma exposure, w …

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Neurocognitive, Emotional, and Behavioral Costs for Adolescents Due to Diminished Returns of Parental Employment on Trauma.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. Open J Neurosci. 2025;3(1):1263. doi: 10.31586/ojn.2025.1263. Epub 2025 Jan 24. Open J Neurosci. 2025. PMID: 39950189 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a large and diverse sample of children was analyzed. We applied MDRs theory and social determinants of health frameworks to examine the association between parental employment, trauma, and ch …

METHODS: Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a large and diverse sample of children was analyzed …

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High Socioeconomic Status Black Adolescents Attend Worse Schools than Whites.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. Open J Educ Res. 2025;5(1):1-12. doi: 10.31586/ojer.2025.1160. Epub 2025 Jan 24. Open J Educ Res. 2025. PMID: 39906247 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a national sample of US adolescents, was analyzed. We used multivariate regression models to examine associations between family SES and school characteristics and to test for interactions by race, …

METHODS: Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a national sample of US adolescents, was analyzed. We use …

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Too Much Heat May Make You Smoke.

Assari S, Najand B, Zare H. Assari S, et al. Glob J Cardiovasc Dis. 2025;4(1):1-10. doi: 10.31586/gjcd.2025.1175. Epub 2025 Jan 15. Glob J Cardiovasc Dis. 2025. PMID: 39906122 Free PMC article.

OBJECTIVES: This study examines the relationship between extreme heat exposure and the initiation of tobacco use in adolescents, using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. It also evaluates the mediating roles of major depressive disorder (MDD …

OBJECTIVES: This study examines the relationship between extreme heat exposure and the initiation of tobacco use in adolescents, using data …

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Extreme Heat Exposure and Adolescent Cognitive Function.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. Open J Neurosci. 2025;3(1):1247. doi: 10.31586/ojn.2025.1247. Epub 2025 Jan 16. Open J Neurosci. 2025. PMID: 39886695 Free PMC article.

This study investigates the association between extreme heat exposure and cognitive function in 9-10-year-old children, using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Additionally, we assess whether this effect is independent of socio-demographic …

This study investigates the association between extreme heat exposure and cognitive function in 9-10-year-old children, using data from the …

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Heat Exposure Predicts Earlier Childhood Pubertal Initiation, Behavioral Problems, and Tobacco Use.

Assari S, Najand B, Zare H. Assari S, et al. Glob J Epidemol Infect Dis. 2025;5(1):1176. doi: 10.31586/gjeid.2025.1176. Epub 2025 Jan 16. Glob J Epidemol Infect Dis. 2025. PMID: 39886644 Free PMC article.

OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the association between extreme heat exposure and early puberty initiation (ages 9-10), using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. It further explores how early puberty correlates with behavioral problems an …

OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the association between extreme heat exposure and early puberty initiation (ages 9-10), using data from …

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Puberty Onset and Positive Urgency Explain Diminished Returns of Family Income on Tobacco and Marijuana Use.

Assari S, Najand B, Zare H. Assari S, et al. Open J Psychol. 2025;5(1):1141. doi: 10.31586/ojp.2025.1141. Epub 2025 Jan 16. Open J Psychol. 2025. PMID: 39886641 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data were sourced from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Participants were 9-10-year-old adolescents at baseline, followed over a period of six years. ...

METHODS: Data were sourced from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Participants were 9-10-year-old adolescents …

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Early life stress and pubertal predictors of subsequent substance use in a national diverse sample of adolescents: Sex and substance type matter.

Donovan A, Assari S, Grella C, Shaheen M, Richter L, Friedman TC. Donovan A, et al. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2025 Mar 1;268:112551. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112551. Epub 2025 Jan 13. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2025. PMID: 39848135 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Individuals from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (ABCD; N = 8608 US children aged 9-10 at baseline) were assessed for multiple measures of ELS (Environmental, Family, Trauma), covariates (race/ethnicity, age in months at baseline, pubertal develop …

METHODS: Individuals from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (ABCD; N = 8608 US children aged 9-10 at baseline) were as …

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Financial Strain Partially Explains Diminished Returns of Parental Education in the ABCD Study.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. Open J Neurosci. 2024;2(1):25-34. doi: 10.31586/ojn.2024.1129. Epub 2024 Nov 21. Open J Neurosci. 2024. PMID: 39734514 Free PMC article.

OBJECTIVE: Building on the MDRs framework, this study examines whether high financial strain contributes to the diminished returns of parental education for Black children, using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. We hypothesized that: (1) t …

OBJECTIVE: Building on the MDRs framework, this study examines whether high financial strain contributes to the diminished returns of parent …

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The Cost of Opportunity: Anti-Black Discrimination in High Resource Settings.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. J Biomed Life Sci. 2024;4(2):92-110. doi: 10.31586/jbls.2024.1128. Epub 2024 Nov 19. J Biomed Life Sci. 2024. PMID: 39619210 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which measures a wide range of educational, cognitive, and emotional outcomes. At the same time, the ABCD children are sampled across areas with vast differences in COI rankings, …

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which measures a wide range of educational, co …

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When Common Becomes Normal: Weaker Association Between Neighborhood Stress and Body Mass Index Among Black Adolescents Compared to White Adolescents.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. Glob J Cardiovasc Dis. 2024;3(1):1121. doi: 10.31586/gjcd.2024.1121. Epub 2024 Nov 14. Glob J Cardiovasc Dis. 2024. PMID: 39605882 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study were analyzed using linear regression models to examine the association between neighborhood stress (defined as a composite score based on three items measuring perceived safety and neighborhood fea …

METHODS: Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study were analyzed using linear regression models to examine th …

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Black-White Gap Across Levels of Educational Childhood Opportunities: Findings from the ABCD Study.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. Open J Educ Res. 2024;4(6):365-380. doi: 10.31586/ojer.2024.1124. Epub 2024 Nov 5. Open J Educ Res. 2024. PMID: 39553338 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which provides comprehensive measures of educational outcomes, cognitive performance, and COI. ...

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which provides comprehensive measures of educa …

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Tobacco Susceptibility Explains Diminished Returns of Family Income on Black Adolescents' Tobacco Initiation.

Assari S, Sheikhattari P. Assari S, et al. Open J Psychol. 2024;4(1):30-41. doi: 10.31586/ojp.2024.1037. Epub 2024 Aug 27. Open J Psychol. 2024. PMID: 39435051 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study were analyzed. Participants were followed from age 9 to 16. All participants were tobacco naive at baseline. ...

METHODS: Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study were analyzed. Participants were followed from age 9 to 16 …

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Higher Neighborhood Crime Rates Don't Always Predict Early Initiation of Tobacco, Marijuana, and Alcohol.

Assari S, Sheikhattari P. Assari S, et al. J Soc Math Hum Eng Sci. 2024;3(1):29-37. doi: 10.31586/jsmhes.2024.1049. Epub 2024 Aug 24. J Soc Math Hum Eng Sci. 2024. PMID: 39434841 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which follows a cohort of adolescents from ages 9-10 to 16, were analyzed. 11,878 participants entered our analysis. ...

METHODS: Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which follows a cohort of adolescents from ages 9-10 to 1 …

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Role of Impulsivity in Explaining Social Gradient in Youth Tobacco Use Initiation: Does Race Matter?

Assari S, Sheikhattari P. Assari S, et al. Open J Neurosci. 2024;2(1):1-13. doi: 10.31586/ojn.2024.1052. Epub 2024 Aug 27. Open J Neurosci. 2024. PMID: 39431172 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, which includes a diverse sample of youth aged 9 to 16 years. The analysis examined the relationship between baseline family SES (age 9), impulsivity (age 9), and subsequent tobacco use ( …

METHODS: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, which includes a diverse sample of youth aged …

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Cognitive and Psychological Mediators of the Social Gradient in Tobacco Use Initiation Among Adolescents: Evidence from the ABCD Study.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. J Biomed Life Sci. 2024;4(1):36-46. doi: 10.31586/jbls.2024.1035. Epub 2024 Sep 4. J Biomed Life Sci. 2024. PMID: 39363975 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, comprising a racially, ethnically, and economically diverse sample of tobacco-naive adolescents aged 9 to 16, were analyzed. ...

METHODS: Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, comprising a racially, ethnically, and economically diver …

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Social Epidemiology of Early Initiation of Electronic and Conventional Cigarette Use in Early to Middle Adolescents.

Assari S, Zare H, Sheikhattari P. Assari S, et al. J Biomed Life Sci. 2024;4(1):27-35. doi: 10.31586/jbls.2024.1038. Epub 2024 Sep 4. J Biomed Life Sci. 2024. PMID: 39363974 Free PMC article.

METHODS: We utilized data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which follows a cohort of tobacco-naive children from age nine through age 16. ...

METHODS: We utilized data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which follows a cohort of tobacco-naive child …

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Longitudinal and Geographic Trends in Perceived Racial Discrimination Among Adolescents in the U.S.: The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.

Fields CT, Black C, Calhoun AJ, Assari S, Zhou X, Nagata J, Gee DG. Fields CT, et al. medRxiv [Preprint]. 2024 Sep 9:2024.09.08.24313273. doi: 10.1101/2024.09.08.24313273. medRxiv. 2024. Update in: J Adolesc Health. 2025 Jul;77(1):118-127. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2025.03.014. PMID: 39314947 Free PMC article. Updated. Preprint.

This study examines longitudinal and geographic trends in perceived racial discrimination among U.S. adolescents using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. A diverse sample of 11,868 children aged 9-10 at baseline from 22 sites across the U.S. …

This study examines longitudinal and geographic trends in perceived racial discrimination among U.S. adolescents using data from the Adolesc …

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Adversities Mediate Social Determinants of Youth Tobacco Use Initiation.

Assari S, Sheikhattari P, Zare H. Assari S, et al. J Biomed Life Sci. 2024;4(1):15-26. doi: 10.31586/jbls.2024.1039. Epub 2024 Aug 29. J Biomed Life Sci. 2024. PMID: 39301089 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study were used to test our hypotheses. The sample included a diverse cohort of youth aged 9-10 years old followed until they were 15-16 years old. ...Structural equation models were used to test if adver …

METHODS: Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study were used to test our hypotheses. The sample included a di …

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Extreme Heat Exposure Is Associated with Higher Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Elevated Youth Delinquency.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. J Soc Math Hum Eng Sci. 2024;3(1):15-28. doi: 10.31586/jsmhes.2024.1044. Epub 2024 Aug 18. J Soc Math Hum Eng Sci. 2024. PMID: 39282014 Free PMC article.

OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the association between extreme heat exposure and delinquency among children, utilizing data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. It also explores the potential mediating roles of neighborhood socioeconomic statu …

OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the association between extreme heat exposure and delinquency among children, utilizing data from the Ad …

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Socioeconomic Status Partially Mediates the Effects of Structural Racism on Youth Tobacco Use Initiation.

Assari S, Zare H. Assari S, et al. Glob J Epidemol Infect Dis. 2024 Jul 12;4(1):44-59. doi: 10.31586/gjeid.2024.1032. Epub 2024 Aug 17. Glob J Epidemol Infect Dis. 2024. PMID: 39239120 Free PMC article.

Studies utilizing data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study have shown an association between higher levels of state-level structural racism and increased tobacco use among youth in the United States. ...OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the rol …

Studies utilizing data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study have shown an association between higher levels o …

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Racial Differences in Biopsychosocial Pathways to Tobacco and Marijuana Use Among Youth.

Assari S. Assari S. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2025 Aug;12(4):2115-2127. doi: 10.1007/s40615-024-02035-8. Epub 2024 May 28. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2025. PMID: 38807026 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Utilizing longitudinal data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, this research includes a cohort of pre-youth, monitored from the age of 9-10 years for a period of up to 36 months. ...

METHODS: Utilizing longitudinal data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, this research includes a cohort of …

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Sex Differences in the Relationship Between Nucleus Accumbens Volume and Youth Tobacco or Marijuana Use Following Stressful Life Events.

Assari S, Sheikhattari P. Assari S, et al. J Ment Health Clin Psychol. 2024;8(2):1-13. doi: 10.29245/2578-2959/2024/2.1305. Epub 2024 Mar 18. J Ment Health Clin Psychol. 2024. PMID: 38751734 Free PMC article.

METHODS: We utilized data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (ABCD), a longitudinal study of pre-adolescents aged 9-10 years, comprising 11,795 participants tracked over 36 months. ...

METHODS: We utilized data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (ABCD), a longitudinal study of pre-adolescents aged …

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The link between residential stability and youth substance use: Role of stressful life events and behavioral problems.

Assari S, Najand B, Zare H. Assari S, et al. J Med Surg Public Health. 2024 Apr;2:100084. doi: 10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100084. Epub 2024 Mar 13. J Med Surg Public Health. 2024. PMID: 38737924 Free PMC article.

METHODS: This research utilizes data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a longitudinal project initiated in 2016 with a sample of 11,849 participants. ...

METHODS: This research utilizes data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a longitudinal project initiated i …

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What is Common Becomes Normal; Black-White Variation in the Effects of Adversities on Subsequent Initiation of Tobacco and Marijuana During Transitioning into Adolescence.

Assari S, Najand B, Sheikhattari P. Assari S, et al. J Ment Health Clin Psychol. 2024;8(1):33-44. doi: 10.29245/2578-2959/2024/1.1300. Epub 2024 Feb 8. J Ment Health Clin Psychol. 2024. PMID: 38586312 Free PMC article.

Data came from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Participants were followed for up to thirty-six months as they transitioned to adolescence. ...

Data came from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Participants were followed for up to thirty-six months as the …

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Household Income and Subsequent Youth Tobacco Initiation: Minorities' Diminished Returns.

Assari S, Najand B, Sheikhattari P. Assari S, et al. J Med Surg Public Health. 2024 Apr;2:100063. doi: 10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100063. Epub 2024 Feb 2. J Med Surg Public Health. 2024. PMID: 38425566 Free PMC article.

METHODS: Conducted as a longitudinal analysis, this study utilized data from the initial three years of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study spanning 2016-2022. The cohort consisted of 11,875 American youth aged 9-10 years, tracked over a three-year peri …

METHODS: Conducted as a longitudinal analysis, this study utilized data from the initial three years of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Devel …

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Social Epidemiology of Early Adolescent Cyberbullying in the United States.

Nagata JM, Trompeter N, Singh G, Ganson KT, Testa A, Jackson DB, Assari S, Murray SB, Bibbins-Domingo K, Baker FC. Nagata JM, et al. Acad Pediatr. 2022 Nov-Dec;22(8):1287-1293. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2022.07.003. Epub 2022 Jul 15. Acad Pediatr. 2022. PMID: 35840085 Free PMC article.

METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (Year 2; N = 9429). Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate associations between sociodemographic factors (sex, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, co …

METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (Year 2; N = 9429). Multiple l …

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Racism May Interrupt Age-related Brain Growth of African American Children in the United States.

Assari S, Mincy R. Assari S, et al. J Pediatr Child Health Care. 2021;6(3):1047. Epub 2021 Nov 9. J Pediatr Child Health Care. 2021. PMID: 34966911

METHODS: We borrowed the structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI) data from the Children Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which included 9,311 9-10 year old children. The independent variable was the child's age treated as a continuous measure (in months). ...

METHODS: We borrowed the structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI) data from the Children Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study …

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Cingulo-opercular and Cingulo-parietal Brain Networks Functional Connectivity in Pre-adolescents: Multiplicative Effects of Race, Ethnicity, and Parental Education.

Assari S. Assari S. Res Health Sci. 2021;6(2):76-99. doi: 10.22158/rhs.v6n2p76. Res Health Sci. 2021. PMID: 34734154

METHODS: This cross-sectional study used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study; we analyzed the resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rsfMRI) data of 8,464 American pre-adolescents between the ages of 9 and 10. ...

METHODS: This cross-sectional study used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study; we analyzed the resting-s …

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Emotional, Behavioral, and Cognitive Correlates of Attention Deficit and Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) Screening and Diagnosis History: Sex/Gender Differences.

Assari S. Assari S. J Neurol Neuromedicine. 2021;6(1):1278. doi: 10.29245/2572.942x/2021/1.1278. Epub 2021 Feb 1. J Neurol Neuromedicine. 2021. PMID: 34632309

METHODS: The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study included a national sample of 10,171 American children between ages 9 and 10 years old. ...

METHODS: The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study included a national sample of 10,171 American children between ages …

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Association Between Parental Educational Attainment and Children's Negative Urgency: Sex Differences.

Assari S. Assari S. Int J Epidemiol Res. 2021 Winter;8(1):14-22. doi: 10.34172/IJER.2021.04. Epub 2021 Mar 30. Int J Epidemiol Res. 2021. PMID: 34604532

METHODS: This cross-sectional study used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study data. Baseline ABCD data included 10,535 American children in the age range of 9-10 years old. ...

METHODS: This cross-sectional study used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study data. Baseline ABCD data incl …

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Parents' Perceived Neighborhood Safety and Children's Internalizing Symptoms: Race and Socioeconomic Status Differences.

Assari S. Assari S. J Ment Health Clin Psychol. 2021;5(1):19-33. Epub 2021 Mar 19. J Ment Health Clin Psychol. 2021. PMID: 34590080

METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 10484 children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Mixed-effects regression was used for data analysis. The predictor variable was parents' perceived neighborhood safety which was treated as a continuou …

METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 10484 children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Mixed-effec …

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Parental Education Ain't Enough: A Study of Race (Racism), Parental Education, and Children's Thalamus Volume.

Assari S, Curry TJ. Assari S, et al. J Educ Cult Stud. 2021;5(1):1-21. doi: 10.22158/jecs.v5n1p1. Epub 2020 Dec 3. J Educ Cult Stud. 2021. PMID: 34308264

METHODS: Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD), we analyzed the structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI) data of 11141 9-10 years old children. ...

METHODS: Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD), we analyzed the structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sM …

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Parents' Perceived Neighborhood Safety and Children's Cognitive Performance: Complexities by Race, Ethnicity, and Cognitive Domain.

Assari S, Boyce S, Mistry R, Thomas A, Nicholson HL Jr, Cobb RJ, Cuevas AG, Lee DB, Bazargan M, Caldwell CH, Curry TJ, Zimmerman MA. Assari S, et al. Urban Sci. 2021 Jun;5(2):46. doi: 10.3390/urbansci5020046. Epub 2021 Jun 1. Urban Sci. 2021. PMID: 34307955 Free PMC article.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 10,027 children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The exposure variable was parents' subjective neighborhood safety. The outcomes were three domains of children's cognitive performance: general cognit …

METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 10,027 children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The exposu …

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Parental Education or Household Income? Which Socioeconomic Status Indicator Can Better Reduce Body Mass Index Disparities among Latino Children?

Assari S, Malek-Ahmadi MR, Caldwell CH. Assari S, et al. J Econ Public Financ. 2021;7(1):19-37. doi: 10.22158/jepf.v7n1p19. J Econ Public Financ. 2021. PMID: 34307868

METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we borrowed data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study and analyzed data of 5100 children between the ages of 9 and 10. The independent variables were parental education and household income. ...

METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we borrowed data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study and analyzed da …

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Comparison of European, African, Asian, and Other/Mixed Race American Children for the Association Between Household Income and Perceived Discrimination.

Assari S, Ayoubian A, Caldwell CH. Assari S, et al. Int J Travel Med Glob Health. 2021 Winter;9(1):31-38. doi: 10.34172/ijtmgh.2021.06. Int J Travel Med Glob Health. 2021. PMID: 34307699

METHODS: The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a national longitudinal study, followed 4383 children 9-10 years old who were either European American, African American, Asian American, or mixed/other race for one year. ...

METHODS: The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a national longitudinal study, followed 4383 children 9-10 years ol …

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Parental Education and Children's Sleep Disturbance: Minorities' Diminished Returns.

Assari S. Assari S. Int J Epidemiol Res. 2021 Winter;8(1):31-39. Int J Epidemiol Res. 2021. PMID: 34263059

All participants were recruited to the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variable was parental education, a five-level nominal variable. ...

All participants were recruited to the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variable was parental edu …

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Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Cerebellum Cortex Fractional Anisotropy in Pre-Adolescents.

Assari S, Boyce S. Assari S, et al. Adolescents. 2021 Jun;1(2):70-94. doi: 10.3390/adolescents1020007. Epub 2021 Mar 31. Adolescents. 2021. PMID: 34095893

METHODS: Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, we analyzed the diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) data of 9565, 9-10-year-old pre-adolescents. ...

METHODS: Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, we analyzed the diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imagin …

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Feasibility of Race by Sex Intersectionality Research on Suicidality in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.

Assari S, Boyce S, Bazargan M. Assari S, et al. Children (Basel). 2021 May 23;8(6):437. doi: 10.3390/children8060437. Children (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34071105 Free PMC article.

METHODS: We used cross-sectional data (wave 1) from the ABCD study, which sampled 9013 non-Hispanic white (NHW) or non-Hispanic black (NHB) children between the ages of 9 and 10 between years 2016 and 2018. ...CONCLUSION: Given the high sample size, reliability, and validi …

METHODS: We used cross-sectional data (wave 1) from the ABCD study, which sampled 9013 non-Hispanic white (NHW) or non-Hispanic black …

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Race, Family Conflict and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors among 9-10-Year-Old American Children.

Assari S, Boyce S, Bazargan M, Caldwell CH. Assari S, et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 18;18(10):5399. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105399. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021. PMID: 34070158 Free PMC article.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. This study included 9918 White or Black children between the ages of 9 and 10 living in married households. ...

METHODS: This cross-sectional study used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. This study included 9918 …

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Parental Educational Attainment, the Superior Temporal Cortical Surface Area, and Reading Ability among American Children: A Test of Marginalization-Related Diminished Returns.

Assari S, Boyce S, Bazargan M, Thomas A, Cobb RJ, Hudson D, Curry TJ, Nicholson HL Jr, Cuevas AG, Mistry R, Chavous TM, Caldwell CH, Zimmerman MA. Assari S, et al. Children (Basel). 2021 May 18;8(5):412. doi: 10.3390/children8050412. Children (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34070118 Free PMC article.

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analysis that included 10,817 9-10-year-old children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Parental educational attainment was treated as a five-level categorical variable. ...Race/ethnicity was the moderator. To …

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analysis that included 10,817 9-10-year-old children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development ( …

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Association between Hippocampal Volume and Working Memory in 10,000+ 9-10-Year-Old Children: Sex Differences.

Assari S, Boyce S, Jovanovic T. Assari S, et al. Children (Basel). 2021 May 18;8(5):411. doi: 10.3390/children8050411. Children (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34070074 Free PMC article.

METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study using the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study data. This analysis included baseline ABCD data (n = 10,093) of children between ages 9 and 10 years. ...

METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study using the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study data. This analysis included b …

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Household Income and Children's Depressive Symptoms: Immigrants' Diminished Returns.

Assari S. Assari S. Int J Travel Med Glob Health. 2020 Fall;8(4):157-164. doi: 10.34172/IJTMGH.2020.27. Int J Travel Med Glob Health. 2020. PMID: 34036110

Baseline data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study collected in 2018 was used. A total of 6,412 children between the ages of 9-10-year-old were included. ...

Baseline data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study collected in 2018 was used. A total of 6,412 children betw …

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Parental Education and Left Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortical Activity during N-Back Task: An fMRI Study of American Adolescents.

Assari S, Boyce S, Saqib M, Bazargan M, Caldwell CH. Assari S, et al. Brain Sci. 2021 Mar 22;11(3):401. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11030401. Brain Sci. 2021. PMID: 33809905 Free PMC article.

Using functional brain imaging data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, we tested the multiplicative effects of race and parental education on left lateral OFC activity during an N-Back task. ...We explored racial variation in the effect of parent …

Using functional brain imaging data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, we tested the multiplicative effect …

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Resting-State Functional Connectivity between Putamen and Salience Network and Childhood Body Mass Index.

Assari S, Boyce S. Assari S, et al. Neurol Int. 2021 Mar 4;13(1):85-101. doi: 10.3390/neurolint13010009. Neurol Int. 2021. PMID: 33806587 Free PMC article.

METHODS: For this cross-sectional study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of 6473 9-10-year-old Non-Hispanic Black and Non-Hispanic White children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The primary independent variable was pu …

METHODS: For this cross-sectional study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of 6473 9-10-year-old Non-Hispanic Black …

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Parental Education, Household Income, and Cortical Surface Area among 9-10 Years Old Children: Minorities' Diminished Returns.

Assari S. Assari S. Brain Sci. 2020 Dec 9;10(12):956. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10120956. Brain Sci. 2020. PMID: 33317053 Free PMC article.

Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we used baseline socioeconomic and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Our analytical sample was 10,262 American children between ages 9 and 10. ...

Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we used baseline socioeconomic and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data of the Adolesc …

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Dimensional Change Card Sorting of American Children: Marginalization-Related Diminished Returns of Age.

Assari S. Assari S. Child Teenagers. 2020;3(2):72-92. doi: 10.22158/ct.v3n2p72. Epub 2020 Nov 23. Child Teenagers. 2020. PMID: 33299967

Data came from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variable was age, a continuous variable measured in months. ...

Data came from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variable was age, a continuous variable measu …

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Family's Subjective Economic Status and Children's Matrix Reasoning: Blacks' Diminished Returns.

Assari S, Boyce S. Assari S, et al. Res Health Sci. 2021 Nov 29;6(1):1-23. doi: 10.22158/rhs.v6n1p1. Epub 2020 Nov 29. Res Health Sci. 2021. PMID: 33299959

METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 7898 children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The predictor variable was subjective economic status, which was treated as a continuous measure. ...

METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 7898 children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The predicto …

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Parental Education, Household Income, Race, and Children's Working Memory: Complexity of the Effects.

Akhlaghipour G, Assari S. Akhlaghipour G, et al. Brain Sci. 2020 Dec 7;10(12):950. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10120950. Brain Sci. 2020. PMID: 33297546 Free PMC article.

We borrowed data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The total sample was 10,418, 9- and 10-year-old children. The independent variables were race, parental education, and household income. ...

We borrowed data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The total sample was 10,418, 9- and 10-year-old childr …

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Stronger Association between Nucleus Accumbens Density and Body Mass Index in Low-Income and African American Children.

Assari S. Assari S. Res Health Sci. 2020;5(2):107-120. doi: 10.22158/rhs.v5n2p107. Epub 2020 Nov 21. Res Health Sci. 2020. PMID: 33294757

OBJECTIVES: We used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) data to investigate racial and SES differences in the effect of NAc density on childhood BMI. ...

OBJECTIVES: We used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) data to investigate racial and SES differences in the effect of …

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Not Race or Age but Their Interaction Predicts Pre-Adolescents' Inhibitory Control.

Assari S, Akhlaghipour G. Assari S, et al. Child Teenagers. 2020;3(2):50-71. doi: 10.22158/ct.v3n2p50. Epub 2020 Nov 5. Child Teenagers. 2020. PMID: 33283174

AIM: We used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) data to compare Caucasian and African American pre-adolescents for the effect of age on pre-adolescents IC, a driver of high-risk behaviors. METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis included 4,626 pre-adolescents …

AIM: We used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) data to compare Caucasian and African American pre-adolescents for the …

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Racial Variation in the Association between Childhood Depression and Frontal Pole Volume among American Children.

Assari S. Assari S. Res Health Sci. 2020;5(2):121-140. doi: 10.22158/rhs.v5n2p121. Epub 2020 Nov 21. Res Health Sci. 2020. PMID: 33283124

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Then an analytical sample included 10185 American children between the ages of 9 and 10. ...

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Then an analytical sa …

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American Children's Screen Time: Diminished Returns of Household Income in Black Families.

Assari S. Assari S. Information (Basel). 2020 Nov;11(11):538. doi: 10.3390/info11110538. Epub 2020 Nov 20. Information (Basel). 2020. PMID: 33282415

The data came from the baseline of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variable was family income, and it was categorized as a three-level nominal variable. ...

The data came from the baseline of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variable was family incom …

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Age-Related Decline in Children's Reward Sensitivity: Blacks' Diminished Returns.

Assari S. Assari S. Res Health Sci. 2020;5(3):112-128. doi: 10.22158/rhs.v5n3p112. Epub 2020 Nov 6. Res Health Sci. 2020. PMID: 33274304

METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 10533 American children who participated in the baseline of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variable was age, while the dependent variable was reward sensitivity as captured by the behavi …

METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 10533 American children who participated in the baseline of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Deve …

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Parental Human Capital and Adolescents' Executive Function: Immigrants' Diminished Returns.

Assari S, Akhlaghipour G, Boyce S, Bazargan M, Caldwell CH. Assari S, et al. Med Res Arch. 2020 Oct;8(10):10.18103/mra.v8i10.2235. doi: 10.18103/mra.v8i10.2235. Epub 2020 Nov 16. Med Res Arch. 2020. PMID: 33251336 Free PMC article.

This was a cross-sectional analysis that included 2,723 non-twin non-Hispanic White adolescents from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variable was parental human capital (parental educational attainment), treated as a continuous meas …

This was a cross-sectional analysis that included 2,723 non-twin non-Hispanic White adolescents from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Developm …

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69

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Prefrontal Cortex Response to Threat: Race by Age Variation in 9-10 Year Old Children.

Assari S, Akhlaghipour G, Saqib M, Boyce S, Bazargan M. Assari S, et al. J Ment Health Clin Psychol. 2020;4(4):1-12. doi: 10.29245/2578-2959/2020/4.1209. Epub 2020 Oct 12. J Ment Health Clin Psychol. 2020. PMID: 33241232

METHODS: This study used the task-based functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data from the Adolescents Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a national, landmark, multi-center brain imaging investigation of 9-10 years old children in the US. ...

METHODS: This study used the task-based functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data from the Adolescents Brain Cognitive Development ( …

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Diminished Protective Effects of Household Income on Internalizing Symptoms among African American than European American Pre-Adolescents.

Assari S, Islam S. Assari S, et al. J Econ Trade Mark Manag. 2020;2(4):38-56. doi: 10.22158/jetmm.v2n4p38. Epub 2020 Oct 19. J Econ Trade Mark Manag. 2020. PMID: 33241230

METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Wave 1 ABCD data included 5,913 adolescents between ages 9 and 10 years old. ...

METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Wave 1 ABCD …

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Sex Differences in the Association between Cortical Thickness and Children's Behavioral Inhibition.

Assari S. Assari S. J Psychol Behav Res. 2020;2(2):49-64. doi: 10.22158/jpbr.v2n2p49. Epub 2020 Oct 30. J Psychol Behav Res. 2020. PMID: 33241229

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional investigation used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Baseline ABCD data of 10249 American children between ages 9 and 10 were analyzed. ...

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional investigation used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Bas …

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Mental Rotation in American Children: Diminished Returns of Parental Education in Black Families.

Assari S. Assari S. Pediatr Rep. 2020 Nov 20;12(3):130-141. doi: 10.3390/pediatric12030028. Pediatr Rep. 2020. PMID: 33233814 Free PMC article.

Data came from baseline of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variable was parental education. The dependent variable, mental rotation, was measured by the Little Man Task. ...

Data came from baseline of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variable was parental education. …

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Socioeconomic Status Inequalities Partially Mediate Racial and Ethnic Differences in Children's Amygdala Volume.

Assari S. Assari S. Stud Soc Sci Res. 2020;1(2):62-79. doi: 10.22158/sssr.v1n2p62. Epub 2020 Oct 30. Stud Soc Sci Res. 2020. PMID: 33215166

METHODS: We borrowed the structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI) data of the Children Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a brain imaging investigation of childhood brain development in the US. The total sample was 8977, 9-10-year-old children. ...

METHODS: We borrowed the structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI) data of the Children Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, …

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Social Determinants of Delayed Gratification among American Children.

Assari S. Assari S. Casp J Neurol Sci. 2020 Summer;6(3):181-189. doi: 10.32598/cjns.6.22.2. Casp J Neurol Sci. 2020. PMID: 33215045

METHODS AND MATERIALS: In this cross-sectional analytical study, data came from wave one of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study which included 3903 non-Latino or Latino Black or White American children between ages 9 and 10 years old. ...

METHODS AND MATERIALS: In this cross-sectional analytical study, data came from wave one of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (A …

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Racial Variation in the Association between Suicidal History and Positive and Negative Urgency among American Children.

Assari S. Assari S. J Educ Cult Stud. 2020;4(4):39-53. doi: 10.22158/jecs.v4n4p39. Epub 2020 Oct 12. J Educ Cult Stud. 2020. PMID: 33163908

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This longitudinal study used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Participants were 10535 American children between ages 9 and 10 years old who were followed for up to one year. ...

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This longitudinal study used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Participants were 10535 …

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Sex Differences in the Association between Household Income and Children's Executive Function.

Assari S, Boyce S, Bazargan M, Caldwell CH. Assari S, et al. Sexes. 2020 Dec;1(1):19-31. doi: 10.3390/sexes1010002. Epub 2020 Oct 19. Sexes. 2020. PMID: 33163684

This is a cross-sectional study using data from Wave 1 of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Wave 1 ABCD included 8608 American children between ages 9 and 10 years old. ...

This is a cross-sectional study using data from Wave 1 of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Wave 1 ABCD …

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Youth Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Problems in the ABCD Study: Minorities' Diminished Returns of Family Income.

Assari S. Assari S. J Econ Public Financ. 2020;6(4):1-19. doi: 10.22158/jepf.v6n4p1. Epub 2020 Oct 10. J Econ Public Financ. 2020. PMID: 33123624

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, data from wave 1 of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study were included. The ABCD, an ongoing national cohort of American youth brain development, included 10,762 American youth between ages 8 a …

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, data from wave 1 of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study wer …

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Subjective Socioeconomic Status and Children's Amygdala Volume: Minorities' Diminish Returns.

Assari S, Boyce S, Bazargan M. Assari S, et al. NeuroSci. 2020 Dec;1(2):59-74. doi: 10.3390/neurosci1020006. Epub 2020 Oct 5. NeuroSci. 2020. PMID: 33103157

We borrowed data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a national multi-center brain imaging investigation of childhood brain development in the US. ...

We borrowed data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a national multi-center brain imaging investigation of …

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79

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Race, Ethnicity, Family Socioeconomic Status, and Children's Hippocampus Volume.

Assari S. Assari S. Res Health Sci. 2020;5(4):25-45. doi: 10.22158/rhs.v5n4p25. Epub 2020 Oct 14. Res Health Sci. 2020. PMID: 33103023

METHODS: Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD), we analyzed the functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data of 9390 9-10 years old children. ...

METHODS: Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD), we analyzed the functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fM …

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Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Sex Hormones among Male and Female American Adolescents.

Assari S, Boyce S, Bazargan M, Caldwell CH. Assari S, et al. Reprod Med (Basel). 2020 Sep;1(2):108-121. doi: 10.3390/reprodmed1020008. Epub 2020 Aug 3. Reprod Med (Basel). 2020. PMID: 32832919

For this cross-sectional study, data came from the baseline data (wave 1) of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a national longitudinal prospective study of American adolescents. This analysis included 717 male and 576 female non-Hispanic White or Bla …

For this cross-sectional study, data came from the baseline data (wave 1) of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, …

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81

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Family Income Mediates the Effect of Parental Education on Adolescents' Hippocampus Activation During an N-Back Memory Task.

Assari S, Boyce S, Bazargan M, Caldwell CH. Assari S, et al. Brain Sci. 2020 Aug 5;10(8):520. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10080520. Brain Sci. 2020. PMID: 32764344 Free PMC article.

Methods: The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study is a national multi-center investigation of American adolescents' brain development. ...

Methods: The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study is a national multi-center investigation of American adolescents' br …

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82

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Subjective Family Socioeconomic Status and Adolescents' Attention: Blacks' Diminished Returns.

Assari S, Boyce S, Bazargan M. Assari S, et al. Children (Basel). 2020 Jul 23;7(8):80. doi: 10.3390/children7080080. Children (Basel). 2020. PMID: 32718077 Free PMC article.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis that included 4188 adolescents from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. The independent variable was the subjective family SES. The primary outcome was the adolescents' attention to be measured by the stop-s …

Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis that included 4188 adolescents from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) St …

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African American Children's Diminished Returns of Subjective Family Socioeconomic Status on Fun Seeking.

Assari S, Akhlaghipour G, Boyce S, Bazargan M, Caldwell CH. Assari S, et al. Children (Basel). 2020 Jul 9;7(7):75. doi: 10.3390/children7070075. Children (Basel). 2020. PMID: 32660094 Free PMC article.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of 7061 children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variable was subjective family SES. The main outcome was children's fun-seeking measured by the behavioral approach system (BAS) and …

Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of 7061 children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The indep …

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84

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African Americans' Diminished Returns of Parental Education on Adolescents' Depression and Suicide in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.

Assari S, Boyce S, Bazargan M, Caldwell CH. Assari S, et al. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2020 Jun;10(2):656-668. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe10020048. Epub 2020 Jun 16. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2020. PMID: 32656052 Free PMC article.

This cross-sectional study included 7076 non-Hispanic White or African American 8-11 years old adolescents from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variables were parental education and marital status. The main outcomes were depressed m …

This cross-sectional study included 7076 non-Hispanic White or African American 8-11 years old adolescents from the Adolescent Brain Cogniti …

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85

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Reward Responsiveness in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study: African Americans' Diminished Returns of Parental Education.

Assari S, Boyce S, Akhlaghipour G, Bazargan M, Caldwell CH. Assari S, et al. Brain Sci. 2020 Jun 19;10(6):391. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10060391. Brain Sci. 2020. PMID: 32575523 Free PMC article.

It is still unknown if some of this racial and economic gap is attributed to weaker effects of parental education for African Americans, a pattern also called minorities' diminished returns (MDRs). (2) Aim: We compared non-Hispanic White and African American adolescents for the e …

It is still unknown if some of this racial and economic gap is attributed to weaker effects of parental education for African Americans, a p …

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86

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Family Socioeconomic Status and Exposure to Childhood Trauma: Racial Differences.

Assari S. Assari S. Children (Basel). 2020 Jun 3;7(6):57. doi: 10.3390/children7060057. Children (Basel). 2020. PMID: 32503310 Free PMC article.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 4696 NHW or NHB American 8-11-year-old children who were participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. The independent variables were parental educational attainment and …

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 4696 NHW or NHB American 8-11-year-old children who were partici …

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87

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Parental Education on Youth Inhibitory Control in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study: Blacks' Diminished Returns.

Assari S. Assari S. Brain Sci. 2020 May 21;10(5):312. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10050312. Brain Sci. 2020. PMID: 32455841 Free PMC article.

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analysis that included 4188 youth from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variable was parental educational attainment. The main outcome was youth inhibitory control measured by the stop-signal task …

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analysis that included 4188 youth from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. T …

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88

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Minorities' Diminished Returns of Parental Educational Attainment on Adolescents' Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Problems.

Assari S, Boyce S, Caldwell CH, Bazargan M. Assari S, et al. Children (Basel). 2020 May 18;7(5):49. doi: 10.3390/children7050049. Children (Basel). 2020. PMID: 32443584 Free PMC article.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 10,762 youth from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study were included. The independent variable was parental educational attainment. ...Linear regression was used to analyze the ABCD data. Results: Overall, h …

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 10,762 youth from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study were included. The …

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89

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Parental Education and Nucleus Accumbens Response to Reward Anticipation: Minorities' Diminished Returns.

Assari S. Assari S. Adv Soc Sci Cult. 2020;2(4):132-153. doi: 10.22158/assc.v2n4p132. Epub 2020 Nov 11. Adv Soc Sci Cult. 2020. PMID: 34308362

METHODS: For this cross-sectional analysis, data came from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study which included 6,419, 9-10 year old children. The independent variable was parental education. ...We used mixed effects regression models that adjusted for th …

METHODS: For this cross-sectional analysis, data came from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study which included 6,4 …

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90

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Racial Variation in the Association between Positive Urgency and Body Mass Index among American Children.

Assari S. Assari S. Res Health Sci. 2020;5(3):129-143. doi: 10.22158/rhs.v5n3p129. Epub 2020 Nov 16. Res Health Sci. 2020. PMID: 34308087

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study data. Participants were 11590 American children between ages 9 and 10 years old. ...Mixed-effects regression models were used for data analysis to adjust for the …

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study data. Participants wer …

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91

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American Indian, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Children's Body Mass Index: Diminished Returns of Parental Education and Family Income.

Assari S. Assari S. Res Health Sci. 2020;5(1):64-84. doi: 10.22158/rhs.v5n1p64. Epub 2020 Nov 24. Res Health Sci. 2020. PMID: 34308086

METHODS: This cross-sectional investigation used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study data. Participants (n = 8580) included 63 AIAN/NHPI and 8517 NHW children between ages 9 and 10. ...

METHODS: This cross-sectional investigation used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study data. Participants (n = 8580 …

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92

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Neighborhood Poverty and Amygdala Response to Negative Face.

Assari S. Assari S. J Econ Public Financ. 2020;6(4):67-85. doi: 10.22158/jepf.v6n4p67. Epub 2020 Nov 25. J Econ Public Financ. 2020. PMID: 34095497

METHODS: We borrowed the functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The sample was 2,490 nine to ten year old non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White adolescents. ...

METHODS: We borrowed the functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study …

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