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Tobacco smoking disrupts bile acid and tryptophan metabolism in multiple sclerosis.
Briggs FB, Litwiler J, Montini F, Fereidan Esfahani M, Sagen J, McCauley JL, Nelson F, Gregory S, Brambilla R, Trapl ES, Cooke Bailey JN, Schwerdtfeger LA, Cox L, Weiner H, Tobin WO. Briggs FB, et al. Mult Scler. 2026 Jul 1:13524585261454207. doi: 10.1177/13524585261454207. Online ahead of print. Mult Scler. 2026. PMID: 42383698 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Smokers with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience worse disease, yet underlying mechanisms remain unknown. ...CONCLUSION: Tobacco exposure disrupts host-microbiome tryptophan and bile acid metabolism in persons with multiple sclerosis, with i …
BACKGROUND: Smokers with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience worse disease, yet underlying mechanisms remain unknown. ...CONCLU …
Associations between perfluoroalkyl substances and multiple sclerosis in U.S. cohorts compared with NMOSD, MOGAD, and healthy controls.
Briggs FBS, Montini F, Spurlock CF 3rd, Ryan C, Cooke Bailey JN, Trapl ES, Shaginurova GI, Wylezinski LS, Sesler CL, Esfahani MF, Sagen J, Gardener HE, McCauley JL, Caban-Martinez AJ, Brambilla R, Amezcua L, Tobin WO. Briggs FBS, et al. Environ Res. 2026 Aug 15;303(Pt 1):124763. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.124763. Epub 2026 May 15. Environ Res. 2026. PMID: 42142568 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental contaminants with endocrine and neuroimmune properties, yet relevance to multiple sclerosis (MS) remains unclear. Recent European data suggested MS-PFAS associations may vary by …
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental contaminants with endocrine and neuroimmune propert …
Serum metabolomic signatures of relapse recovery in early multiple sclerosis.
Briggs FBS, Mahmoudi F, Fereida-Esfahani M, Sagen J, Nelson F, Oksenberg J, Gregory S, Tobin WO. Briggs FBS, et al. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2026 Apr;108:107082. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2026.107082. Epub 2026 Feb 17. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2026. PMID: 41724140
BACKGROUND: Relapses in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) are acute neuroinflammatory events that shape long-term disease trajectory. ...Machine learning and rank-based correlation identified monotonic changes across five relapse proximity stages (<4, …
BACKGROUND: Relapses in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) are acute neuroinflammatory events that shape long-term …
Accelerated metabolomic aging and its association with social determinants of health in multiple sclerosis.
Siavoshi F, Noroozi R, Chang G, Schoeps VA, Smith MD, Briggs FB, Graves JS, Waubant E, Mowry EM, Calabresi PA, Bhargava P, Fitzgerald KC. Siavoshi F, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. Mult Scler. 2026 Apr;32(4):421-428. doi: 10.1177/13524585261417120. Epub 2026 Feb 20. Mult Scler. 2026. PMID: 41718456 Free PMC article.
OBJECTIVES: Biological age may better capture differences in disease course among people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) of identical chronological age. We investigated biological age acceleration through metabolomic age (mAge) in PwMS and its association with social …
OBJECTIVES: Biological age may better capture differences in disease course among people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) of ide …
Allergic phenotypes and asthma in multiple sclerosis: Epidemiologic and genetic relationships.
Briggs F, Nyati A, Zweig S, Leung LJ. Briggs F, et al. Mult Scler. 2026 Apr;32(5):516-524. doi: 10.1177/13524585251398382. Epub 2025 Dec 27. Mult Scler. 2026. PMID: 41454677 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and allergic disorders (ADs) are classically seen as immunologically distinct, and prior studies suggest potential inverse associations and overlapping genetic contributors. ...
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and allergic disorders (ADs) are classically seen as immunologically distinct, and prior s …
Serum metabolomic-lipidomic signatures track long-term neurological performance in multiple sclerosis.
Noroozi R, Tsai HH, Yu K, Samuel K, Trinh K, Tsai EA, Briggs FBS, Bhargava P, Fitzgerald KC. Noroozi R, et al. Among authors: briggs fbs. Mol Neurodegener Adv. 2026;2(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s44477-025-00008-7. Epub 2025 Nov 28. Mol Neurodegener Adv. 2026. PMID: 41450782 Free PMC article.
Metabolomics incorporates information from multiple biological systems and is recognized as an emerging tool for identifying novel multiple sclerosis (MS) biomarkers. ...Outcomes, including 25-foot walking speed, manual dexterity, and processing speed, were q …
Metabolomics incorporates information from multiple biological systems and is recognized as an emerging tool for identifying novel …
Longitudinal modeling of upper extremity function in multiple sclerosis: Associations for clinical and sociodemographic factors.
Briggs FB, Yang J, Toljan K, Conway DS, Hersh CM, McGinley MP, Bermel RA, Miller DM, De Nadai AS, Gunzler DD, Ontaneda D. Briggs FB, et al. Mult Scler. 2025 Nov;31(13):1572-1582. doi: 10.1177/13524585251384060. Epub 2025 Oct 26. Mult Scler. 2025. PMID: 41139835
BACKGROUND: Upper extremity impairment is a common disabling consequence of multiple sclerosis (MS). Little is known about factors influencing upper extremity functioning in MS. ...DISCUSSION: These findings identify high-risk groups and inform future research to gu …
BACKGROUND: Upper extremity impairment is a common disabling consequence of multiple sclerosis (MS). Little is known about fac …
Predicting suicidal ideation at subsequent clinical encounter in multiple sclerosis patients.
Briggs FB, Genuario I, De Nadai AS, Gunzler DD, Ontaneda D, Miller D. Briggs FB, et al. Mult Scler. 2025 Oct;31(12):1427-1438. doi: 10.1177/13524585251365207. Epub 2025 Aug 25. Mult Scler. 2025. PMID: 40852804
BACKGROUND: The lifetime risk of suicidal ideation (SI) in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) is 30%. No predictive tools are available for SI with empiric support for PwMS. ...
BACKGROUND: The lifetime risk of suicidal ideation (SI) in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) is 30%. No predictive tools …
Metabolic and lipid alterations in multiple sclerosis linked to disease severity.
Noroozi R, Tsai HH, Yu K, Bronson P, Samuel K, Trinh K, Wei R, Tsai E, Briggs FB, Bhargava P, Fitzgerald KC. Noroozi R, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. Mult Scler. 2025 Apr;31(4):433-443. doi: 10.1177/13524585251325468. Epub 2025 Mar 27. Mult Scler. 2025. PMID: 40150792 Free PMC article.
However, few studies have linked metabolite levels with quantitative neurologic function assessments in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). OBJECTIVES: We quantified metabolomic differences between pwMS and healthy controls (HCs) and assessed the association of m …
However, few studies have linked metabolite levels with quantitative neurologic function assessments in people with multiple scler …
Accelerated Metabolomic Aging and Its Association with Social Determinants of Health in Multiple Sclerosis.
Siavoshi F, Noroozi R, Chang G, Schoeps VA, Smith MD, Briggs FBS, Graves JS, Waubant E, Mowry EM, Calabresi PA, Bhargava P, Fitzgerald KC. Siavoshi F, et al. Among authors: briggs fbs. medRxiv [Preprint]. 2025 May 5:2025.01.29.25321260. doi: 10.1101/2025.01.29.25321260. medRxiv. 2025. Update in: Mult Scler. 2026 Apr;32(4):421-428. doi: 10.1177/13524585261417120. PMID: 39974014 Free PMC article. Updated. Preprint.
OBJECTIVES: Biological age may better capture differences in disease course among people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) of identical chronological age. We investigated biological age acceleration through metabolomic age (mAge) in PwMS and its association with social …
OBJECTIVES: Biological age may better capture differences in disease course among people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) of ide …
Self-reported longitudinal COVID-19 vaccination reactogenicity profiles in persons with multiple sclerosis.
Briggs FBS, Schmidt H, Mateen FJ, Buxhoeveden S, Bebo BF, Fiol J, Racke MK, Currie KM, Siefers HM, Crouthamel S, Kolaczkowski LG, Klein P, McBurney RN, Loud S. Briggs FBS, et al. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2025 Feb;94:106253. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.106253. Epub 2024 Dec 29. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2025. PMID: 39756168 Free article.
BACKGROUND: Preventing severe COVID-19 associated outcomes continues to be a priority for persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). We previously reported in an interim analysis that short-term reactions to the first and second SARS-CoV-2 vaccines experienced by PwMS …
BACKGROUND: Preventing severe COVID-19 associated outcomes continues to be a priority for persons with multiple sclerosis (PwM …
The onset presentation of multiple sclerosis differs in Hispanic/Latinx Americans compared with non-Hispanic White Americans.
Briggs FB, Conway DS, Hersh CM, Fitzgerald KC, Mowry E, Cohen JA, Ontaneda D. Briggs FB, et al. Mult Scler. 2025 Feb;31(2):197-206. doi: 10.1177/13524585241304976. Epub 2024 Dec 24. Mult Scler. 2025. PMID: 39718152
BACKGROUND: Little is known about how multiple sclerosis (MS) presents in Hispanic/Latinx (HL) people with MS (pwMS). OBJECTIVE: Compare age at onset (AAO) and onset severity between HL versus non-Hispanic White (NHW) pwMS. ...
BACKGROUND: Little is known about how multiple sclerosis (MS) presents in Hispanic/Latinx (HL) people with MS (pwMS). OBJECTIV …
Body mass index trends over four years in persons with multiple sclerosis.
Conway DS, Toljan K, Harris KA, Galioto R, Briggs FB, Hersh CM. Conway DS, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2025 Jan;93:106218. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.106218. Epub 2024 Dec 8. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2025. PMID: 39667128
BACKGROUND: The role of obesity in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) is incompletely understood. Obesity predisposes individuals to a pro-inflammatory state and cardiovascular comorbidities, both of which can negatively impact MS disease course. ...METHODS: We …
BACKGROUND: The role of obesity in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) is incompletely understood. Obesity predisposes indi …
Multiple sclerosis subgroups: Data-driven clusters based on patient-reported outcomes and a large clinical sample.
De Nadai AS, Zamora RJ, Finch A, Miller DM, Ontaneda D, Gunzler DD, Briggs FS. De Nadai AS, et al. Among authors: briggs fs. Mult Scler. 2024 Nov;30(13):1642-1652. doi: 10.1177/13524585241282763. Epub 2024 Oct 17. Mult Scler. 2024. PMID: 39420575 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: While standard clinical assessments provide great value for people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), they are limited in their ability to characterize patient perspectives and individual-level symptom heterogeneity. ...We also sought to connect PRO-based s …
BACKGROUND: While standard clinical assessments provide great value for people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), they are limite …
Mobility trajectories in multiple sclerosis: A comparative study of timed 25-foot walk and a patient-reported outcome measure.
Briggs FB, Gunzler DD, Miller DM, Ontaneda D, De Nadai AS. Briggs FB, et al. Mult Scler. 2024 Oct;30(11-12):1479-1489. doi: 10.1177/13524585241274607. Epub 2024 Sep 5. Mult Scler. 2024. PMID: 39234865 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Loss of mobility is common in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), but little is known about this impairment from the patient's perspective. ...
BACKGROUND: Loss of mobility is common in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), but little is known about this impairment fr …
Adaptive and Innate Immunity Are Key Drivers of Age at Onset of Multiple Sclerosis.
Misicka E, Huang Y, Loomis S, Sadhu N, Fisher E, Gafson A, Runz H, Tsai E, Jia X, Herman A, Bronson PG, Bhangale T, Briggs FB. Misicka E, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. Neurol Genet. 2024 May 29;10(3):e200159. doi: 10.1212/NXG.0000000000200159. eCollection 2024 Jun. Neurol Genet. 2024. PMID: 38817245 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Multiple sclerosis (MS) age at onset (AAO) is a clinical predictor of long-term disease outcomes, independent of disease duration. ...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Multiple sclerosis (MS) age at onset (AAO) is a clinical predictor of long-term disease outcomes, i …
Male sexual and reproductive health in multiple sclerosis: a scoping review.
Toljan K, Briggs FBS. Toljan K, et al. Among authors: briggs fbs. J Neurol. 2024 May;271(5):2169-2181. doi: 10.1007/s00415-024-12250-2. Epub 2024 Feb 28. J Neurol. 2024. PMID: 38416171 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease with highest incidence during the period of optimal reproductive health. ...PubMed database was searched for keyword "multiple sclerosis" alongside keywords "sexual health", "re …
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease with highest incidence during the period of optimal …
Common Social and Health Disparities Contribute to Racial Differences in Ambulatory Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis.
Briggs FBS, Trapl ES, Mateen FJ, Nadai A, Conway DS, Gunzler DD. Briggs FBS, et al. Int J MS Care. 2024 Jan-Feb;26(1):36-40. doi: 10.7224/1537-2073.2023-004. Epub 2024 Jan 5. Int J MS Care. 2024. PMID: 38213671 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: We previously reported more rapid accrual of ambulatory impairments in Black compared to White individuals with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and higher body mass index (BMI). Hypertension and lower neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) …
BACKGROUND: We previously reported more rapid accrual of ambulatory impairments in Black compared to White individuals with relapsing remitt …
Characterizing causal relationships of visceral fat and body shape on multiple sclerosis risk.
Misicka E, Gunzler D, Albert J, Briggs FBS. Misicka E, et al. Among authors: briggs fbs. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2023 Nov;79:104964. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104964. Epub 2023 Aug 28. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2023. PMID: 37659350 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies have established obesity as a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). These studies relied on body-mass index (BMI) and body size silhouettes as the primary measures of obesity. ...OBJECTIVES: To investigate the causal effects of …
BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies have established obesity as a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). These studies relied …
Long-term trajectories of ambulatory impairment in multiple sclerosis.
Gunzler DD, De Nadai AS, Miller DM, Ontaneda D, Briggs FB. Gunzler DD, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. Mult Scler. 2023 Sep;29(10):1282-1295. doi: 10.1177/13524585231187521. Epub 2023 Jul 28. Mult Scler. 2023. PMID: 37503861 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Ambulatory impairment is a common and complex manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS), and longitudinal patterns are not well understood. OBJECTIVE: To characterize longitudinal walking speed trajectories in a general MS patient population and in those …
BACKGROUND: Ambulatory impairment is a common and complex manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS), and longitudinal patterns …
Climate Change and the Urgent Need to Prepare Persons With Multiple Sclerosis for Extreme Hurricanes.
Hsieh SL, Shultz JM, Briggs F, Espinel Z, Shapiro LT. Hsieh SL, et al. Among authors: briggs f. Int J MS Care. 2023 Jul-Aug;25(4):152-156. doi: 10.7224/1537-2073.2022-032. Epub 2023 Jan 23. Int J MS Care. 2023. PMID: 37469332 Free PMC article.
People living with chronic illness, including multiple sclerosis (MS), face unique challenges and vulnerabilities when exposed to hurricane hazards. ...
People living with chronic illness, including multiple sclerosis (MS), face unique challenges and vulnerabilities when exposed …
Locus for severity implicates CNS resilience in progression of multiple sclerosis.
International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium; MultipleMS Consortium. International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium, et al. Nature. 2023 Jul;619(7969):323-331. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06250-x. Epub 2023 Jun 28. Nature. 2023. PMID: 37380766 Free PMC article.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that results in significant neurodegeneration in the majority of those affected and is a common cause of chronic neurological disability in young adults(1,2). ...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that results in significant neurodegenera …
The RNA helicase DDX39B activates FOXP3 RNA splicing to control T regulatory cell fate.
Hirano M, Galarza-Muñoz G, Nagasawa C, Schott G, Wang L, Antonia AL, Jain V, Yu X, Widen SG, Briggs FBS, Gregory SG, Ko DC, Fagg WS, Bradrick S, Garcia-Blanco MA. Hirano M, et al. Among authors: briggs fbs. Elife. 2023 Jun 1;12:e76927. doi: 10.7554/eLife.76927. Elife. 2023. PMID: 37261960 Free PMC article.
Genes associated with increased susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) have been identified, but their functions are incompletely understood. ...
Genes associated with increased susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) have been identified, but their functions are incomp …
The impact of cigarette smoking on cognitive processing speed and brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis.
Alshehri E, Cohen JA, Ontaneda D, Nakamura K, Husak S, Love TE, Fox RJ, Briggs FB, Conway DS. Alshehri E, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. Mult Scler. 2023 Jun;29(7):846-855. doi: 10.1177/13524585231172490. Epub 2023 May 19. Mult Scler. 2023. PMID: 37204214
BACKGROUND: Smoking is associated with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) and disability worsening. The relationship between smoking, cognitive processing speed, and brain atrophy remains uncertain. ...
BACKGROUND: Smoking is associated with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) and disability worsening. The relationship …
Characterizing Relationships Between Cognitive, Mental, and Physical Health and Physical Activity Levels in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis.
Tyszka EE, Bozinov N, Briggs FBS. Tyszka EE, et al. Among authors: briggs fbs. Int J MS Care. 2022 Sep-Oct;24(5):242-249. doi: 10.7224/1537-2073.2021-108. Epub 2022 Sep 8. Int J MS Care. 2022. PMID: 36090238 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Although persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) are encouraged to engage in physical activity, they are less active than the general population and experience poorer emotional/cognitive health, underscoring the need for increased understanding of the facto …
BACKGROUND: Although persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) are encouraged to engage in physical activity, they are less active …
Racial disparities in hypertension management among multiple sclerosis patients.
Conway DS, Briggs FB, Mowry EM, Fitzgerald KC, Hersh CM. Conway DS, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022 Aug;64:103972. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103972. Epub 2022 Jun 15. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022. PMID: 35728435 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Hypertension adversely impacts the multiple sclerosis (MS) disease course and is more common among Black Americans. Disparities in care due to structural racism may lead to suboptimal hypertension detection and control in Black American MS patients. ...M …
BACKGROUND: Hypertension adversely impacts the multiple sclerosis (MS) disease course and is more common among Black Americans …
COVID-19 Vaccination Reactogenicity in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis.
Briggs FBS, Mateen FJ, Schmidt H, Currie KM, Siefers HM, Crouthamel S, Bebo BF, Fiol J, Racke MK, O'Connor KC, Kolaczkowski LG, Klein P, Loud S, McBurney RN. Briggs FBS, et al. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2021 Nov 9;9(1):e1104. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000001104. Print 2022 Jan. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2021. PMID: 34753828 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are limited data on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine reactogenicity in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and how reactogenicity is affected by disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). The objective …
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are limited data on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine reactogenicity in …
A higher burden of multiple sclerosis genetic risk confers an earlier onset.
Misicka E, Davis MF, Kim W, Brugger SW, Beales J, Loomis S, Bronson PG, Briggs FB. Misicka E, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. Mult Scler. 2022 Jul;28(8):1189-1197. doi: 10.1177/13524585211053155. Epub 2021 Oct 28. Mult Scler. 2022. PMID: 34709090
BACKGROUND: Age at onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) is an objective, influential predictor of the evolution of MS independent of disease duration. ...
BACKGROUND: Age at onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) is an objective, influential predictor of the evolution of MS independent …
Characterizing relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patients burdened with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and asthma.
Sorensen A, Conway DS, Briggs FBS. Sorensen A, et al. Among authors: briggs fbs. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2021 Aug;53:103040. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103040. Epub 2021 May 21. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2021. PMID: 34058603
BACKGROUND: Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and asthma are common in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and adversely impact physical and mental health independent of sociodemographic and clinical attributes. ...
BACKGROUND: Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and asthma are common in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and adversely impact physi …
The Impact of Multiple Sclerosis Disease Status and Subtype on Hematological Profile.
Miller JM, Beales JT, Montierth MD, Briggs FB, Frodsham SF, Davis MF. Miller JM, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 23;18(6):3318. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063318. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021. PMID: 33807004 Free PMC article.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. ...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. ...
Mining Complex Genetic Patterns Conferring Multiple Sclerosis Risk.
Briggs FBS, Sept C. Briggs FBS, et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 3;18(5):2518. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18052518. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021. PMID: 33802599 Free PMC article.
(1) Background: Complex genetic relationships, including gene-gene (G G; epistasis), gene(n), and gene-environment (G E) interactions, explain a substantial portion of the heritability in multiple sclerosis (MS). Machine learning and data mining methods are prom …
(1) Background: Complex genetic relationships, including gene-gene (G G; epistasis), gene(n), and gene-environment (G E) interactions, e …
Integrating patient-reported outcomes and quantitative timed tasks to identify relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patient subgroups: a latent profile analysis.
Briggs FBS, Conway DS, De Nadai AS, Ontaneda D, Gunzler DD. Briggs FBS, et al. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2021 Jun;51:102912. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102912. Epub 2021 Mar 18. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2021. PMID: 33773274
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients experience wide-ranging symptoms with varied severity, and approaches that integrate patient-reported outcomes and objective quantitative measures will present opportunities for advancing clinical profiling. ...
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients experience wide-ranging symptoms with varied severity, and approaches that integr …
Age of hypertension onset in multiple sclerosis patients.
Briggs FB, Krill D, Hill E, Conway DS. Briggs FB, et al. Mult Scler. 2021 Nov;27(13):2108-2111. doi: 10.1177/13524585211003016. Epub 2021 Mar 18. Mult Scler. 2021. PMID: 33733922
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Hypertension (HTN) is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), and it is associated with poorer outcomes. We sought to characterize HTN age at onset (AAO) by MS status. ...
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Hypertension (HTN) is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), and it is associated with poorer outcomes. We s …
Depression in multiple sclerosis patients associated with risk variant near NEGR1.
Brugger SW, Gardner MC, Beales JT, Briggs F, Davis MF. Brugger SW, et al. Among authors: briggs f. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2020 Nov;46:102537. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102537. Epub 2020 Oct 4. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2020. PMID: 33296963
BACKGROUND: A substantial number of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) suffer from depression in addition to physical symptoms and disability. ...
BACKGROUND: A substantial number of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) suffer from depression in addition to phys …
The prevalence of hypertension in multiple sclerosis based on 37 million electronic health records from the United States.
Briggs FBS, Hill E, Abboud H. Briggs FBS, et al. Eur J Neurol. 2021 Feb;28(2):558-566. doi: 10.1111/ene.14557. Epub 2020 Oct 27. Eur J Neurol. 2021. PMID: 32981133
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hypertension (HTN) is a common comorbidity in multiple sclerosis (MS), and it significantly contributes to adverse outcomes. Unfortunately, the distribution of HTN in persons with MS has not been well characterized, and prior estimates have p …
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hypertension (HTN) is a common comorbidity in multiple sclerosis (MS), and it significantly contribute …
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors alpha7 and alpha9 modifies tobacco smoke risk for multiple sclerosis.
Briggs FB. Briggs FB. Mult Scler. 2021 Jul;27(8):1166-1174. doi: 10.1177/1352458520958361. Epub 2020 Sep 14. Mult Scler. 2021. PMID: 32924781
INTRODUCTION: Tobacco smoke exposure is an established risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS), yet how it confers risk is not known. Evidence from observational studies suggests nicotine may be a protective component. ...
INTRODUCTION: Tobacco smoke exposure is an established risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS), yet how it confers risk is not …
Predicting self-reported depression after the onset of multiple sclerosis using genetic and non-genetic factors.
Wang FM, Davis MF, Briggs FB. Wang FM, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. Mult Scler. 2021 Apr;27(4):603-612. doi: 10.1177/1352458520921073. Epub 2020 May 18. Mult Scler. 2021. PMID: 32419624
BACKGROUND: Persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) are disproportionately burdened by depression compared to the general population. ...
BACKGROUND: Persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) are disproportionately burdened by depression compared to the general popul …
Predicting onset of secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis using genetic and non-genetic factors.
Misicka E, Sept C, Briggs FBS. Misicka E, et al. Among authors: briggs fbs. J Neurol. 2020 Aug;267(8):2328-2339. doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-09850-z. Epub 2020 Apr 24. J Neurol. 2020. PMID: 32333165
BACKGROUND: Predicting the transition from relapsing-remitting (RR) to secondary-progressive (SP) multiple sclerosis (MS) from early in the disease course is challenging. OBJECTIVE: To construct prediction models for SPMS using sociodemographic and self-reported cli …
BACKGROUND: Predicting the transition from relapsing-remitting (RR) to secondary-progressive (SP) multiple sclerosis (MS) from …
Estimating the prevalence of multiple sclerosis using 56.6 million electronic health records from the United States.
Briggs FB, Hill E. Briggs FB, et al. Mult Scler. 2020 Dec;26(14):1948-1952. doi: 10.1177/1352458519864681. Epub 2019 Jul 24. Mult Scler. 2020. PMID: 31339444
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: In 2019, the 2010 U.S. multiple sclerosis (MS) prevalence was robustly estimated (265.1-309.2/100,000) based on large administrative health-claims datasets. ...
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: In 2019, the 2010 U.S. multiple sclerosis (MS) prevalence was robustly estimated (265.1-309.2/100,000) b …
A systems biology approach uncovers cell-specific gene regulatory effects of genetic associations in multiple sclerosis.
International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium. International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium. Nat Commun. 2019 May 20;10(1):2236. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09773-y. Nat Commun. 2019. PMID: 31110181 Free PMC article.
Here, we conduct a cell-specific pathway analysis of the latest GWAS in multiple sclerosis (MS), which had analyzed a total of 47,351 cases and 68,284 healthy controls and found more than 200 non-MHC genome-wide associations. ...
Here, we conduct a cell-specific pathway analysis of the latest GWAS in multiple sclerosis (MS), which had analyzed a total of …
Metabolome-based signature of disease pathology in MS.
Andersen SL, Briggs FBS, Winnike JH, Natanzon Y, Maichle S, Knagge KJ, Newby LK, Gregory SG. Andersen SL, et al. Among authors: briggs fbs. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019 Jun;31:12-21. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.03.006. Epub 2019 Mar 9. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019. PMID: 30877925 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Diagnostic delays are common for multiple sclerosis (MS) since diagnosis typically depends on the presentation of nonspecific clinical symptoms together with radiologically-determined central nervous system (CNS) lesions. ...
BACKGROUND: Diagnostic delays are common for multiple sclerosis (MS) since diagnosis typically depends on the presentation of …
Prognostic factors of disability in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis.
Briggs FBS, Thompson NR, Conway DS. Briggs FBS, et al. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019 May;30:9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.01.045. Epub 2019 Jan 29. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019. PMID: 30711764
BACKGROUND: The clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) is highly variable. Factors influencing phenotypic heterogeneity are not well known since most studies have relied on the Expanded Disability Status Scale which has modest inter/intra-rater reliabilit …
BACKGROUND: The clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) is highly variable. Factors influencing phenotypic heterogen …
Prevalence of asthma in multiple sclerosis: A United States population-based study.
Hill E, Abboud H, Briggs FBS. Hill E, et al. Among authors: briggs fbs. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019 Feb;28:69-74. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.12.012. Epub 2018 Dec 12. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019. PMID: 30557818
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and asthma are complex multifactorial diseases which adversely impact daily functioning. ...
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and asthma are complex multifactorial diseases which adversely impact daily functioning. . …
Multiple sclerosis risk factors contribute to onset heterogeneity.
Briggs FBS, Yu JC, Davis MF, Jiangyang J, Fu S, Parrotta E, Gunzler DD, Ontaneda D. Briggs FBS, et al. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019 Feb;28:11-16. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.12.007. Epub 2018 Dec 4. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019. PMID: 30529925
BACKGROUND: The phenotypic presentation of multiple sclerosis (MS) may predict long-term outcomes and little is known about factors contributing to heterogeneity at MS onset. ...
BACKGROUND: The phenotypic presentation of multiple sclerosis (MS) may predict long-term outcomes and little is known about fa …
Cardiovascular conditions in persons with multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica and transverse myelitis.
Saroufim P, Zweig SA, Conway DS, Briggs FBS. Saroufim P, et al. Among authors: briggs fbs. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2018 Oct;25:21-25. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.07.011. Epub 2018 Jul 10. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2018. PMID: 30014877
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular conditions are associated with poorer outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS). Whether the burden of cardiovascular conditions differs between those with demyelinating disease and unaffected controls is not clear. ...
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular conditions are associated with poorer outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS). Whether the burden of ca …
Incorporating machine learning approaches to assess putative environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis.
Mowry EM, Hedström AK, Gianfrancesco MA, Shao X, Schaefer CA, Shen L, Bellesis KH, Briggs FBS, Olsson T, Alfredsson L, Barcellos LF. Mowry EM, et al. Among authors: briggs fbs. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2018 Aug;24:135-141. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.06.009. Epub 2018 Jun 23. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2018. PMID: 30005356
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) incidence has increased recently, particularly in women, suggesting a possible role of one or more environmental exposures in MS risk. ...The study also demonstrates the application of LASSO to identify environmental exposures wit …
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) incidence has increased recently, particularly in women, suggesting a possible role of one …
Human Epistatic Interaction Controls IL7R Splicing and Increases Multiple Sclerosis Risk.
Galarza-Muñoz G, Briggs FBS, Evsyukova I, Schott-Lerner G, Kennedy EM, Nyanhete T, Wang L, Bergamaschi L, Widen SG, Tomaras GD, Ko DC, Bradrick SS, Barcellos LF, Gregory SG, Garcia-Blanco MA. Galarza-Muñoz G, et al. Among authors: briggs fbs. Cell. 2017 Mar 23;169(1):72-84.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.03.007. Cell. 2017. PMID: 28340352 Free PMC article.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder where T cells attack neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) leading to demyelination and neurological deficits. ...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder where T cells attack neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) leading to …
Smokers with MS have greater decrements in quality of life and disability than non-smokers.
Briggs FB, Gunzler DD, Ontaneda D, Marrie RA. Briggs FB, et al. Mult Scler. 2017 Nov;23(13):1772-1781. doi: 10.1177/1352458516685169. Epub 2017 Jan 6. Mult Scler. 2017. PMID: 28059618 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoke plays a pathogenic role in multiple sclerosis (MS) and may accelerate disease progression, yet, some people with MS continue to smoke after disease onset. ...METHODS: We compared smokers to non-smokers in 950 responders to the Spring 2014 u …
BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoke plays a pathogenic role in multiple sclerosis (MS) and may accelerate disease progression, yet, some …
Heterogeneous depression trajectories in multiple sclerosis patients.
Gunzler DD, Morris N, Perzynski A, Ontaneda D, Briggs F, Miller D, Bermel RA. Gunzler DD, et al. Among authors: briggs f. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2016 Sep;9:163-9. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2016.08.004. Epub 2016 Aug 5. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2016. PMID: 27645367 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Trajectories of depression over time may be heterogeneous in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. Describing these trajectories will help clinicians understand better the progression of depression in MS patients to aid in patient care decisions. ...
BACKGROUND: Trajectories of depression over time may be heterogeneous in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. Describing these tr …
Multiple sclerosis risk loci and disease severity in 7,125 individuals from 10 studies.
George MF, Briggs FB, Shao X, Gianfrancesco MA, Kockum I, Harbo HF, Celius EG, Bos SD, Hedström A, Shen L, Bernstein A, Alfredsson L, Hillert J, Olsson T, Patsopoulos NA, De Jager PL, Oturai AB, Søndergaard HB, Sellebjerg F, Sorensen PS, Gomez R, Caillier SJ, Cree BA, Oksenberg JR, Hauser SL, D'Alfonso S, Leone MA, Martinelli Boneschi F, Sorosina M, van der Mei I, Taylor BV, Zhou Y, Schaefer C, Barcellos LF. George MF, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. Neurol Genet. 2016 Aug 4;2(4):e87. doi: 10.1212/NXG.0000000000000087. eCollection 2016 Aug. Neurol Genet. 2016. PMID: 27540591 Free PMC article.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association between 52 risk variants identified through genome-wide association studies and disease severity in multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: Ten unique MS case data sets were analyzed. The Multiple Sclerosis Severity …
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association between 52 risk variants identified through genome-wide association studies and disease severity …
Feasibility study for remote assessment of cognitive function in multiple sclerosis.
George MF, Holingue CB, Briggs FB, Shao X, Bellesis KH, Whitmer RA, Schaefer C, Benedict RH, Barcellos LF. George MF, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. J Neurol Neuromedicine. 2016;1(8):10-18. doi: 10.29245/2572.942x/2016/8.1084. J Neurol Neuromedicine. 2016. PMID: 28255581 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), and affects employment and quality of life. Large studies are needed to identify risk factors for cognitive decline. ...
BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), and affects employment and quality of life. Large studi …
Role of socioeconomic position in multiple sclerosis etiology.
Briggs FB, Green MC, Ritterman Weintraub ML. Briggs FB, et al. Neurodegener Dis Manag. 2015 Aug;5(4):333-43. doi: 10.2217/nmt.15.22. Epub 2015 Aug 21. Neurodegener Dis Manag. 2015. PMID: 26295724
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune disease with a prominent inflammatory component. ...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune disease with a prominent inflammatory component. ...
Interaction between passive smoking and two HLA genes with regard to multiple sclerosis risk.
Hedström AK, Bomfim IL, Barcellos LF, Briggs F, Schaefer C, Kockum I, Olsson T, Alfredsson L. Hedström AK, et al. Among authors: briggs f. Int J Epidemiol. 2014 Dec;43(6):1791-8. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyu195. Epub 2014 Oct 15. Int J Epidemiol. 2014. PMID: 25324153 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: The recently described interaction between smoking, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1*15 and absence of HLA-A*02 with regard to multiple sclerosis (MS) risk shows that the risk conveyed by smoking differs depending on genetic background. ...
BACKGROUND: The recently described interaction between smoking, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1*15 and absence of HLA-A*02 with regard to …
Obesity during childhood and adolescence increases susceptibility to multiple sclerosis after accounting for established genetic and environmental risk factors.
Gianfrancesco MA, Acuna B, Shen L, Briggs FB, Quach H, Bellesis KH, Bernstein A, Hedstrom AK, Kockum I, Alfredsson L, Olsson T, Schaefer C, Barcellos LF. Gianfrancesco MA, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2014 Sep-Oct;8(5):e435-47. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2014.01.002. Epub 2014 Mar 6. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2014. PMID: 25263833 Free PMC article.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between obesity and multiple sclerosis (MS) while accounting for established genetic and environmental risk factors. ...
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between obesity and multiple sclerosis (MS) while accounting for established genetic …
Seroprevalence of aquaporin-4-IgG in a northern California population representative cohort of multiple sclerosis.
Pittock SJ, Lennon VA, Bakshi N, Shen L, McKeon A, Quach H, Briggs FB, Bernstein AL, Schaefer CA, Barcellos LF. Pittock SJ, et al. Among authors: briggs fb. JAMA Neurol. 2014 Nov;71(11):1433-6. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.1581. JAMA Neurol. 2014. PMID: 25178362
IMPORTANCE: Using an aquaporin-4 (AQP4) M1-isoform-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a fixed transfected cell-based assay (CBA), we tested AQP4-IgG in a northern California population representative cohort of 3293 potential cases with multiple scler …
IMPORTANCE: Using an aquaporin-4 (AQP4) M1-isoform-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a fixed transfected cell-based ass …
Annotation of functional variation within non-MHC MS susceptibility loci through bioinformatics analysis.
Briggs FB, Leung LJ, Barcellos LF. Briggs FB, et al. Genes Immun. 2014 Oct;15(7):466-76. doi: 10.1038/gene.2014.37. Epub 2014 Jul 17. Genes Immun. 2014. PMID: 25030428
There is a strong and complex genetic component to multiple sclerosis (MS). In addition to variation in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region on chromosome 6p21.3, 110 non-MHC susceptibility variants have been identified in Northern Europeans, thus far. …
There is a strong and complex genetic component to multiple sclerosis (MS). In addition to variation in the major histocompati …
Smoking and risk of multiple sclerosis: evidence of modification by NAT1 variants.
Briggs FB, Acuna B, Shen L, Ramsay P, Quach H, Bernstein A, Bellesis KH, Kockum IS, Hedström AK, Alfredsson L, Olsson T, Schaefer C, Barcellos LF. Briggs FB, et al. Epidemiology. 2014 Jul;25(4):605-14. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000089. Epidemiology. 2014. PMID: 24625537
BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoke is an established risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). We hypothesized that variation in genes involved in metabolism of tobacco smoke constituents may modify MS risk in smokers. ...
BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoke is an established risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). We hypothesized that variation in genes i …
Adverse socioeconomic position during the life course is associated with multiple sclerosis.
Briggs FB, Acuña BS, Shen L, Bellesis KH, Ramsay PP, Quach H, Bernstein A, Schaefer C, Barcellos LF. Briggs FB, et al. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2014 Jul;68(7):622-9. doi: 10.1136/jech-2013-203184. Epub 2014 Feb 27. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2014. PMID: 24577137
BACKGROUND: Adverse socioeconomic position (SEP) in childhood and adulthood is associated with a proinflammatory phenotype, and therefore an important exposure to consider for multiple sclerosis (MS), a complex neuroinflammatory autoimmune disease. The objective was …
BACKGROUND: Adverse socioeconomic position (SEP) in childhood and adulthood is associated with a proinflammatory phenotype, and therefore an …
Genome-wide association study of severity in multiple sclerosis.
International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium. International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium. Genes Immun. 2011 Dec;12(8):615-25. doi: 10.1038/gene.2011.34. Epub 2011 Jun 9. Genes Immun. 2011. PMID: 21654844 Free PMC article.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system with a strong genetic component. ...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system with a strong genetic component. ...
Evidence for CRHR1 in multiple sclerosis using supervised machine learning and meta-analysis in 12,566 individuals.
Briggs FB, Bartlett SE, Goldstein BA, Wang J, McCauley JL, Zuvich RL, De Jager PL, Rioux JD, Ivinson AJ, Compston A, Hafler DA, Hauser SL, Oksenberg JR, Sawcer SJ, Pericak-Vance MA, Haines JL; International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium; Barcellos LF. Briggs FB, et al. Hum Mol Genet. 2010 Nov 1;19(21):4286-95. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddq328. Epub 2010 Aug 10. Hum Mol Genet. 2010. PMID: 20699326 Free PMC article.
The primary genetic risk factor in multiple sclerosis (MS) is the HLA-DRB1*1501 allele; however, much of the remaining genetic contribution to MS has yet to be elucidated. ...On the basis of univariate analyses, six CRHR1 variants were associated with decreased risk …
The primary genetic risk factor in multiple sclerosis (MS) is the HLA-DRB1*1501 allele; however, much of the remaining genetic …
Variation within DNA repair pathway genes and risk of multiple sclerosis.
Briggs FB, Goldstein BA, McCauley JL, Zuvich RL, De Jager PL, Rioux JD, Ivinson AJ, Compston A, Hafler DA, Hauser SL, Oksenberg JR, Sawcer SJ, Pericak-Vance MA, Haines JL, Barcellos LF; International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium. Briggs FB, et al. Am J Epidemiol. 2010 Jul 15;172(2):217-24. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwq086. Epub 2010 Jun 3. Am J Epidemiol. 2010. PMID: 20522537 Free PMC article.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with a prominent genetic component. ...A single nucleotide polymorphism variant within the general transcription factor IIH, polypeptide 4 gene, GTF2H4, on chromosome 6p21.33 was s …
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with a prominent genetic component. ...A …
Uncoupling the roles of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DRB5 genes in multiple sclerosis.
Caillier SJ, Briggs F, Cree BA, Baranzini SE, Fernandez-Viña M, Ramsay PP, Khan O, Royal W 3rd, Hauser SL, Barcellos LF, Oksenberg JR. Caillier SJ, et al. Among authors: briggs f. J Immunol. 2008 Oct 15;181(8):5473-80. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.8.5473. J Immunol. 2008. PMID: 18832704 Free PMC article.
Genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with the MHC located on chromosome 6p21. This signal maps primarily to a 1-Mb region encompassing the HLA class II loci, and it segregates often with the HLA-DQB1*0602, -DQA1*0102, -DRB1*1501, -DRB5*010 …
Genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with the MHC located on chromosome 6p21. This signal maps prim …
Heterogeneity at the HLA-DRB1 locus and risk for multiple sclerosis.
Barcellos LF, Sawcer S, Ramsay PP, Baranzini SE, Thomson G, Briggs F, Cree BC, Begovich AB, Villoslada P, Montalban X, Uccelli A, Savettieri G, Lincoln RR, DeLoa C, Haines JL, Pericak-Vance MA, Compston A, Hauser SL, Oksenberg JR. Barcellos LF, et al. Among authors: briggs f. Hum Mol Genet. 2006 Sep 15;15(18):2813-24. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddl223. Epub 2006 Aug 11. Hum Mol Genet. 2006. PMID: 16905561 Free article.
Variation in major histocompatibility complex genes on chromosome 6p21.3, specifically the human leukocyte antigen HLA-DR2 or DRB1*1501-DQB1*0602 extended haplotype, confers risk for multiple sclerosis (MS). Previous studies of DRB1 variation and both MS susceptibil …
Variation in major histocompatibility complex genes on chromosome 6p21.3, specifically the human leukocyte antigen HLA-DR2 or DRB1*1501-DQB1 …