There has been an explosion of interest in CVD and diabetes mellitus because of the epidemic nature of the diseases and their tight epidemiologic link. Clinical trials over the past decade have built substantial evidence for the role of lipid management, blood pressure control, and antiplatelet therapy in managing risk for CVD in patients who have diabetes mellitus. The many clinical trials underway will not only hone existing recommendations by establishing appropriate targets and techniques for lipid and blood pressure management, but also should demonstrate the role and most appropriate techniques for management of glycemia, flow-limiting coronary lesions, and obesity.