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Table representation of search results timeline featuring number of search results per year.

Year Number of Results
1922 2
1923 41
1924 48
1925 23
1926 26
1927 33
1928 14
1929 13
1930 12
1931 13
1932 13
1933 16
1934 13
1935 13
1936 21
1937 18
1938 34
1939 22
1940 17
1941 14
1942 16
1943 10
1944 10
1945 37
1946 116
1947 152
1948 172
1949 165
1950 246
1951 293
1952 314
1953 352
1954 401
1955 317
1956 348
1957 314
1958 337
1959 362
1960 325
1961 368
1962 404
1963 734
1964 999
1965 788
1966 1030
1967 1224
1968 1634
1969 1777
1970 1876
1971 2062
1972 2209
1973 2223
1974 2365
1975 2430
1976 2615
1977 2537
1978 2706
1979 3089
1980 3412
1981 3577
1982 3834
1983 4157
1984 4499
1985 4594
1986 4727
1987 4880
1988 5381
1989 5845
1990 6083
1991 6473
1992 6544
1993 6889
1994 7108
1995 7282
1996 7563
1997 7994
1998 7788
1999 7852
2000 8081
2001 8303
2002 8909
2003 9358
2004 10522
2005 11462
2006 12324
2007 13107
2008 14062
2009 14661
2010 15472
2011 16077
2012 16871
2013 18000
2014 18067
2015 18225
2016 18004
2017 18029
2018 18148
2019 18032
2020 19519
2021 20007
2022 19141
2023 17706
2024 18125
2025 20388
2026 6933

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515,688 results

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Page 1
Insulin: The master regulator of glucose metabolism.
Norton L, Shannon C, Gastaldelli A, DeFronzo RA. Norton L, et al. Metabolism. 2022 Apr;129:155142. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155142. Epub 2022 Jan 20. Metabolism. 2022. PMID: 35066003 Review.
Insulin is the master regulator of glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism. Following ingestion of an oral glucose load or mixed meal, the plasma glucose concentration rises, insulin secretion by the beta cells is stimulated and the hyperinsulinemia, working in conce …
Insulin is the master regulator of glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism. Following ingestion of an oral glucose load or mixed meal, …
The cell biology of systemic insulin function.
Tokarz VL, MacDonald PE, Klip A. Tokarz VL, et al. J Cell Biol. 2018 Jul 2;217(7):2273-2289. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201802095. Epub 2018 Apr 5. J Cell Biol. 2018. PMID: 29622564 Free PMC article. Review.
Continuing the journey, we briefly describe insulin's action on the blood vasculature and its still-debated mechanisms of exit from the capillary beds. ...Finally, we touch upon the renal degradation of insulin to end its action. Cellular discernment of in …
Continuing the journey, we briefly describe insulin's action on the blood vasculature and its still-debated mechanisms of exit …
The molecular mechanism of insulin action.
Kahn CR. Kahn CR. Annu Rev Med. 1985;36:429-51. doi: 10.1146/annurev.me.36.020185.002241. Annu Rev Med. 1985. PMID: 2986528 Review.
This receptor consists of an alpha-subunit, which binds the hormone, and a beta-subunit, which is an insulin-stimulated, tyrosine-specific protein kinase. Activation of this kinase is believed to generate a signal that eventually results in insulin's action o …
This receptor consists of an alpha-subunit, which binds the hormone, and a beta-subunit, which is an insulin-stimulated, tyrosine-spe …
Understanding insulin and its receptor from their three-dimensional structures.
Lawrence MC. Lawrence MC. Mol Metab. 2021 Oct;52:101255. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101255. Epub 2021 May 13. Mol Metab. 2021. PMID: 33992784 Free PMC article. Review.
BACKGROUND: Insulin's discovery 100 years ago and its ongoing use since that time to treat diabetes belies the molecular complexity of its structure and that of its receptor. Advances in single-particle cryo-electron microscopy have over the past three years revolut …
BACKGROUND: Insulin's discovery 100 years ago and its ongoing use since that time to treat diabetes belies the molecular compl …
The discovery of insulin revisited: lessons for the modern era.
Lewis GF, Brubaker PL. Lewis GF, et al. J Clin Invest. 2021 Jan 4;131(1):e142239. doi: 10.1172/JCI142239. J Clin Invest. 2021. PMID: 33393501 Free PMC article. Review.
2021 to 2022 marks the one hundredth anniversary of ground-breaking research in Toronto that changed the course of what was, then, a universally fatal disease: type 1 diabetes. Some would argue that insulin's discovery by Banting, Best, Macleod, and Collip was the g …
2021 to 2022 marks the one hundredth anniversary of ground-breaking research in Toronto that changed the course of what was, then, a univers …
Insulin as an immunomodulatory hormone.
van Niekerk G, Christowitz C, Conradie D, Engelbrecht AM. van Niekerk G, et al. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2020 Apr;52:34-44. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.11.006. Epub 2019 Dec 3. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2020. PMID: 31831339 Review.
This includes immune cells, where the anti-inflammatory effects of insulin have been repeatedly reported. However, recent findings have also implicated a more involved role for insulin in shaping the immune response during an infection. ...Collectively, these observ …
This includes immune cells, where the anti-inflammatory effects of insulin have been repeatedly reported. However, recent findings ha …
Current barriers to initiating insulin therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Galdón Sanz-Pastor A, Justel Enríquez A, Sánchez Bao A, Ampudia-Blasco FJ. Galdón Sanz-Pastor A, et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Mar 14;15:1366368. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1366368. eCollection 2024. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024. PMID: 38559691 Free PMC article. Review.
The timing of initiation depends on individual patient characteristics. Typically, insulinization starts by adding basal insulin to the patient's existing treatment and, if necessary, progresses by gradually introducing prandial insulin. ...Currently, two onc …
The timing of initiation depends on individual patient characteristics. Typically, insulinization starts by adding basal insulin …
Intranasal insulin's effects on the sense of smell.
Sienkiewicz-Oleszkiewicz B, Oleszkiewicz A, Bock MA, Hummel T. Sienkiewicz-Oleszkiewicz B, et al. Rhinology. 2023 Oct 1;61(5):404-411. doi: 10.4193/Rhin23.036. Rhinology. 2023. PMID: 37453136 Review.
It prevents energy failure and has regenerative properties, affects neuro-regeneration and counteracts insulin resistance. Hence, insulin has been suggested for various pathological states including neurocognitive disorders, obesity, and as a therapeutic option for …
It prevents energy failure and has regenerative properties, affects neuro-regeneration and counteracts insulin resistance. Hence, …
Insulin second messengers.
Strålfors P. Strålfors P. Bioessays. 1997 Apr;19(4):327-35. doi: 10.1002/bies.950190410. Bioessays. 1997. PMID: 9136630 Review.
The molecular pathways for insulin's signal transduction from its cell surface receptor to the cell's interior metabolic machinery remain in many ways uncharted. ...Diacylglycerol may mediate insulin's stimulation of glucose transport over the plasma m …
The molecular pathways for insulin's signal transduction from its cell surface receptor to the cell's interior metabolic machi …
Insulin and wound healing.
Hrynyk M, Neufeld RJ. Hrynyk M, et al. Burns. 2014 Dec;40(8):1433-46. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2014.03.020. Epub 2014 May 5. Burns. 2014. PMID: 24810536 Review.
While wound dressings provide a temporary barrier, they are inherently incapable of significantly restoring metabolic upsets, post-burn insulin resistance, and impaired wound healing in patients with extensive burns. Exogenous insulin application has therefore been …
While wound dressings provide a temporary barrier, they are inherently incapable of significantly restoring metabolic upsets, post-burn i …
515,688 results
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