Different in vivo functions of the two catalytic domains of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)

Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2011 Apr;11(2):105-11. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2010.11.001. Epub 2010 Dec 2.

Abstract

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) can cleave angiotensin I, bradykinin, neurotensin and many other peptide substrates in vitro. In part, this is due to the structure of ACE, a protein composed of two independent catalytic domains. Until very recently, little was known regarding the specific in vivo role of each ACE domain, and they were commonly regarded as equivalent. This is not true, as shown by mouse models with a genetic inactivation of either the ACE N- or C-domain. In vivo, most angiotensin II is produced by the ACE C-domain. Some peptides, such as the anti-fibrotic peptide AcSDKP, are substrates only of the ACE N-domain. Knowing the in vivo role of each ACE domain has great significance for developing ACE domain-specific inhibitors and for understanding the full effects of the anti-ACE pharmaceuticals in widespread clinical use.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blood Pressure
  • Catalytic Domain / physiology*
  • Fertility
  • Humans
  • Oligopeptides / metabolism
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / chemistry
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / physiology*
  • Pulmonary Fibrosis / metabolism

Substances

  • Oligopeptides
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
  • goralatide