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Table representation of search results timeline featuring number of search results per year.

Year Number of Results
1971 3
1972 2
1973 3
1975 3
1976 5
1977 4
1978 10
1979 4
1980 9
1981 12
1982 11
1983 18
1984 16
1985 12
1986 24
1987 26
1988 22
1989 35
1990 46
1991 60
1992 84
1993 71
1994 99
1995 99
1996 121
1997 116
1998 127
1999 133
2000 181
2001 165
2002 160
2003 186
2004 187
2005 243
2006 238
2007 245
2008 282
2009 316
2010 379
2011 456
2012 530
2013 676
2014 811
2015 812
2016 945
2017 855
2018 879
2019 896
2020 972
2021 1077
2022 1147
2023 1099
2024 1270
2025 1647
2026 1178

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16,772 results

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Page 1
Non-pharmacological interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non-ICU patients.
Burton JK, Craig LE, Yong SQ, Siddiqi N, Teale EA, Woodhouse R, Barugh AJ, Shepherd AM, Brunton A, Freeman SC, Sutton AJ, Quinn TJ. Burton JK, et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Jul 19;7(7):CD013307. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013307.pub2. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021. PMID: 34280303 Free PMC article.
Incidence of delirium was reported in all studies. Using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, we identified risks of bias in all included trials. All were at high risk of performance bias as participants and personnel were not blinded to the interventions. ...Mul …
Incidence of delirium was reported in all studies. Using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, we identified risks of bias in all i …
Surgical versus non-surgical management for pleural empyema.
Redden MD, Chin TY, van Driel ML. Redden MD, et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Mar 17;3(3):CD010651. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010651.pub2. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017. PMID: 28304084 Free PMC article.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion and risk of bias, extracted data, and checked the data for accuracy. We contacted trial authors for additional information. ...Trials compared tube thoracostomy drainage (non-surgi …
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion and risk of bias, extracted data, and ch …
Preoperative nutrition therapy in people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery.
Sowerbutts AM, Burden S, Sremanakova J, French C, Knight SR, Harrison EM. Sowerbutts AM, et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 Apr 8;4(4):CD008879. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008879.pub3. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024. PMID: 38588454 Free PMC article.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard Cochrane methodology. We assessed risk of bias using the RoB 1 tool and applied the GRADE criteria to assess the certainty of evidence. ...Not all the included studies were conducted within an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery ( …
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard Cochrane methodology. We assessed risk of bias using the RoB 1 tool and applied the GR …
Corticosteroids for treating sepsis in children and adults.
Annane D, Briegel J, Granton D, Bellissant E, Bollaert PE, Keh D, Kupfer Y, Pirracchio R, Rochwerg B. Annane D, et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2025 Jun 5;6(6):CD002243. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002243.pub5. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2025. PMID: 40470636 Free PMC article.
We obtained unpublished data from the authors of some trials. We assessed the risk of bias in trials using the Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB 1) and applied GRADE to assess the certainty of evidence. ...Corticosteroids may shorten ICU and hospital length of …
We obtained unpublished data from the authors of some trials. We assessed the risk of bias in trials using the Cochrane risk of bi …
Length bias correction in one-day cross-sectional assessments - The nutritionDay study.
Frantal S, Pernicka E, Hiesmayr M, Schindler K, Bauer P. Frantal S, et al. Clin Nutr. 2016 Apr;35(2):522-527. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.03.019. Epub 2015 Apr 7. Clin Nutr. 2016. PMID: 25912233
BACKGROUND & AIMS: A major problem occurring in cross-sectional studies is sampling bias. Length of hospital stay (LOS) differs strongly between patients and causes a length bias as patients with longer LOS are more likely to be included and are th …
BACKGROUND & AIMS: A major problem occurring in cross-sectional studies is sampling bias. Length of hospital stay (LOS) di …
Reducing the effects of lead-time bias, length bias and over-detection in evaluating screening mammography: a censored bivariate data approach.
Mahnken JD, Chan W, Freeman DH Jr, Freeman JL. Mahnken JD, et al. Stat Methods Med Res. 2008 Dec;17(6):643-63. doi: 10.1177/0962280207087309. Epub 2008 Apr 29. Stat Methods Med Res. 2008. PMID: 18445697 Review.
Measuring the benefit of screening mammography is difficult due to lead-time bias, length bias and over-detection. We evaluated the benefit of screening mammography in reducing breast cancer mortality using observational data from the SEER-Medicare linked dat …
Measuring the benefit of screening mammography is difficult due to lead-time bias, length bias and over-detection. We e …
[Real-world evidence.].
De Fiore L, Addis A. De Fiore L, et al. Recenti Prog Med. 2017 Dec;108(12):497-499. doi: 10.1701/2829.28579. Recenti Prog Med. 2017. PMID: 29297897 Italian.
Anyway, randomised controlled trials still remain the gold standard of clinical research, in order to minimize bias and to evaluate the effectiveness of a clinical intervention. A pragmatic approach and quasi-randomised trials to shorten length and costs of the stud …
Anyway, randomised controlled trials still remain the gold standard of clinical research, in order to minimize bias and to evaluate t …
The Magnitude of Time-Dependent Bias in the Estimation of Excess Length of Stay Attributable to Healthcare-Associated Infections.
Nelson RE, Nelson SD, Khader K, Perencevich EL, Schweizer ML, Rubin MA, Graves N, Harbarth S, Stevens VW, Samore MH. Nelson RE, et al. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2015 Sep;36(9):1089-94. doi: 10.1017/ice.2015.129. Epub 2015 Jun 4. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2015. PMID: 26041436
BACKGROUND Estimates of the excess length of stay (LOS) attributable to healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in which total LOS of patients with and without HAIs are biased because of failure to account for the timing of infection. ...We examined the magnitude of this t …
BACKGROUND Estimates of the excess length of stay (LOS) attributable to healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in which total LOS of …
Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea in adults and children.
Esmaeilinezhad Z, Ghosh NR, Walsh CM, Steen JP, Burgman AM, Mertz D, Johnston BC. Esmaeilinezhad Z, et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2025 Sep 11;9(9):CD006095. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006095.pub5. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2025. PMID: 40931979
Important outcomes included detection of C difficile in stool (i.e. colonization in absence of symptoms), adverse events, antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), and length of hospital stay. RISK OF BIAS: Two review authors independently assessed risk of bias u …
Important outcomes included detection of C difficile in stool (i.e. colonization in absence of symptoms), adverse events, antibiotic-associa …
16,772 results
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