The distribution and density of the noradrenergic and acetylcholinesterase-positive nerve fibres were histochemically studied in different uterine regions of prepubertal and cycling rats in dioestrus and oestrus. Besides the rich and double innervation of blood vessels, both types of nerve fibre were found in the myometrium and cervical musculature. The non-vascular noradrenergic network looked denser at the tubal end of the horns and at the cervix, whereas the acetylcholinesterase-positive innervation was poor at the tubal end, increasing toward the cervix. Contrasting with the middle third of the uterine horn, at the tubal end, the myometrial longitudinal layer was much more innervated than the circular one, especially by the noradrenergic nerve fibres. The prepubertal rats presented an adult pattern of uterine autonomic innervation. In the cycling animals, this innervation was nearly the same during oestrus and dioestrus regarding both the density of nerve fibres and intensity of the histochemical reactions.