Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation

Search Page

Filters

My Custom Filters

Results by year

Table representation of search results timeline featuring number of search results per year.

Year Number of Results
1974 1
1979 1
1989 1
1990 1
1994 1
1995 1
1997 1
1998 1
1999 1
2000 1
2001 1
2003 1
2004 3
2005 1
2006 1
2007 2
2008 2
2009 2
2010 4
2011 5
2012 5
2013 8
2014 6
2015 6
2016 10
2017 9
2018 5
2019 9
2020 10
2021 8
2022 5
2023 6
2024 8
2025 6
2026 0

Publication date

Text availability

Article attribute

Article type

Additional filters

Article Language

Species

Sex

Age

Other

Search Results

117 results

Results by year

Filters applied: . Clear all
Page 1
Is the patella apprehension test a valid diagnostic test for patellar instability? A systematic review.
Abelleyra Lastoria DA, Kenny B, Dardak S, Brookes C, Hing CB. Abelleyra Lastoria DA, et al. J Orthop. 2023 Jul 13;42:54-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2023.07.005. eCollection 2023 Aug. J Orthop. 2023. PMID: 37483643 Free PMC article. Review.
Accurate diagnosis is required to initiate appropriate treatment. We aimed to evaluate the patella apprehension test (PAT) as a method to diagnose patellar instability. METHODS: The PRISMA diagnostic test accuracy checklist was followed. ...Furt …
Accurate diagnosis is required to initiate appropriate treatment. We aimed to evaluate the patella apprehension test (P …
The reversed dynamic patellar apprehension test mimics anatomical complexity in lateral patellar instability.
Zimmermann F, Liebensteiner MC, Balcarek P. Zimmermann F, et al. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2019 Feb;27(2):604-610. doi: 10.1007/s00167-018-5198-6. Epub 2018 Oct 6. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2019. PMID: 30293182
CONCLUSION: This study introduced the reversed dynamic patellar apprehension test as a reliable clinical examination tool in the assessment of lateral patellar instability. ...This test indicates the patient-specific end of stable patellar …
CONCLUSION: This study introduced the reversed dynamic patellar apprehension test as a reliable clinical examination to …
Patellar Apprehension Is Reduced in Most but Not All Patients After Successful Patellar Stabilization.
Hiemstra LA, Kerslake S, Lafave MR. Hiemstra LA, et al. Am J Sports Med. 2021 Mar;49(4):975-981. doi: 10.1177/0363546520988731. Epub 2021 Feb 18. Am J Sports Med. 2021. PMID: 33600213
The patellar apprehension test was performed in neutral extension and 30 of knee flexion. Patient- and surgeon-rated apprehension were graded on a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS), and the quality of the apprehension symptoms were recorded. ...Th …
The patellar apprehension test was performed in neutral extension and 30 of knee flexion. Patient- and surgeon-rated …
The moving patellar apprehension test for lateral patellar instability.
Ahmad CS, McCarthy M, Gomez JA, Shubin Stein BE. Ahmad CS, et al. Am J Sports Med. 2009 Apr;37(4):791-6. doi: 10.1177/0363546508328113. Epub 2009 Feb 3. Am J Sports Med. 2009. PMID: 19193601
BACKGROUND: Physical examination maneuvers for patellar instability are often inaccurate. HYPOTHESIS: The "moving patellar apprehension test" is a sensitive and specific physical examination technique for the diagnosis of patellar instability. S …
BACKGROUND: Physical examination maneuvers for patellar instability are often inaccurate. HYPOTHESIS: The "moving patellar …
Conservative versus tailored surgical treatment in patients with first time lateral patella dislocation: a randomized-controlled trial.
Liebensteiner M, Keiler A, El Attal R, Balcarek P, Dirisamer F, Giesinger J, Seitlinger G, Nelitz M, Keshmiri A, Frings J, Becher C, Kappel P, Wagner D, Pagenstert G. Liebensteiner M, et al. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021 Jun 13;16(1):378. doi: 10.1186/s13018-021-02513-3. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021. PMID: 34120628 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
METHODS: A prospective, randomized-controlled trial design is applied. Patients with unilateral first-time patella dislocation will be considered for participation. ...The surgical treatment will be performed in a tailored manner, addressing the pathologic anatomy t …
METHODS: A prospective, randomized-controlled trial design is applied. Patients with unilateral first-time patella dislocation …
Treatment Options for Patellofemoral Arthritis.
Kuwabara A, Cinque M, Ray T, Sherman SL. Kuwabara A, et al. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2022 Apr;15(2):90-106. doi: 10.1007/s12178-022-09740-z. Epub 2022 Feb 4. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2022. PMID: 35118631 Free PMC article. Review.
To present a synthesis of recent literature regarding the treatment of patellofemoral arthritis RECENT FINDINGS: Risk factors of PFJ OA include patella malalignment or maltracking, injury to supportive structures including the MPFL, dysfunction of hamstring and quadriceps …
To present a synthesis of recent literature regarding the treatment of patellofemoral arthritis RECENT FINDINGS: Risk factors of PFJ OA incl …
Outcomes After Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for Recurrent Patellar Instability: Influence of Persistent Postoperative Apprehension and J-Sign.
Dennis ER, Ammerman BM, Nguyen JT, Marmor WA, Pahapill NK, Propp BE, Gruber S, Brady JM, Shubin Stein BE. Dennis ER, et al. Am J Sports Med. 2025 Jul;53(8):1931-1939. doi: 10.1177/03635465251339822. Epub 2025 Jun 6. Am J Sports Med. 2025. PMID: 40478223
STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4Methods:Patients with recurrent patellar instability were prospectively enrolled from March 2014 to December 2019 and underwent primary, unilateral MPFL reconstruction by the senior author within the confines of strict …
STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4Methods:Patients with recurrent patellar instability were prospectively enrolle …
Physical Examination for Patellofemoral Instability.
Ignozzi AJ, Oley MA, Diduch DR. Ignozzi AJ, et al. Video J Sports Med. 2025 Oct 14;5(5):26350254251352923. doi: 10.1177/26350254251352923. eCollection 2025 Sep-Oct. Video J Sports Med. 2025. PMID: 41112779 Free PMC article.
The moving apprehension test is performed with stepwise flexion to determine when the patellar engages the trochlea and no longer shifts laterally. ...RESULTS: On physical examination, both patients had positive effusion, tenderness, apprehension, and …
The moving apprehension test is performed with stepwise flexion to determine when the patellar engages the trochlea and …
A modified test for patellar instability: the biomechanical basis.
Tanner SM, Garth WP Jr, Soileau R, Lemons JE. Tanner SM, et al. Clin J Sport Med. 2003 Nov;13(6):327-38. doi: 10.1097/00042752-200311000-00001. Clin J Sport Med. 2003. PMID: 14608221
OBJECTIVE: (1) Determine if displacement of the patella in a distal lateral direction results in a more sensitive method to show deficiency of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL), the primary restraint to lateral patellar dislocation, than the traditional p …
OBJECTIVE: (1) Determine if displacement of the patella in a distal lateral direction results in a more sensitive method to show defi …
117 results