Antineuronal Nuclear Autoantibody Type 1/Anti-Hu-Associated Opsoclonus Myoclonus and Epilepsia Partialis Continua: Case Report and Literature Review

Pediatr Neurol. 2016 Dec:65:86-89. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2016.08.024. Epub 2016 Sep 2.

Abstract

Background: Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome is a rare clinical condition that has been associated with neuroblastoma. There are few reported examples of ANNA-1/anti-Hu antibodies in children with neuroblastoma and opsoclonus-myoclonus, all in children aged less than three years of age.

Methods: We describe the new onset of focal seizures without alteration of consciousness and opsoclonus-myoclonus in an 11-year-old girl with ANNA-1/anti-Hu positivity and a paraspinal ganglioneuroblastoma. A systematic review of the literature of children with ANNA-1/anti-Hu positivity and malignancy was also performed.

Results: Fourteen patients were identified, eight of whom had opsoclonus-myoclonus. Although epilepsia partialis continua has been described in association with several neuronal autoantibodies, association with ANNA-1/anti-Hu has not been reported.

Conclusions: We describe epilepsia partialis continua in a child with ANNA-1/anti-Hu antibodies and neuroblastoma. Testing for antineuronal antibodies should be considered in children presenting with either opsoclonus-myoclonus or epilepsia partialis continua.

Keywords: anti-Hu; antineuronal nuclear antibody; epilepsia partialis continua; neuroblastoma; opsoclonus-myoclonus; type 1 (ANNA-1).

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Neoplasm* / blood
  • Antibodies, Neoplasm* / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Autoantibodies* / blood
  • Autoantibodies* / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Child
  • ELAV Proteins* / blood
  • ELAV Proteins* / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Epilepsia Partialis Continua / blood
  • Epilepsia Partialis Continua / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Epilepsia Partialis Continua / diagnostic imaging*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome / blood
  • Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome / diagnostic imaging*
  • Spinal Neoplasms / blood
  • Spinal Neoplasms / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Spinal Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Neoplasm
  • Autoantibodies
  • ELAV Proteins